2008
DOI: 10.12942/lrr-2008-9
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Probes and Tests of Strong-Field Gravity with Observations in the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Abstract: Neutron stars and black holes are the astrophysical systems with the strongest gravitational fields in the universe. In this article, I review the prospect of using observations of such compact objects to probe some of the most intriguing general relativistic predictions in the strong-field regime: the absence of stable circular orbits near a compact object and the presence of event horizons around black-hole singularities. I discuss the need for a theoretical framework, within which future experiments will pr… Show more

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Cited by 391 publications
(390 citation statements)
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References 173 publications
(335 reference statements)
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“…Observational and theoretical issues with Einstein's theory -including the dark matter and dark energy problems, the origin of curvature singularities and the quest for an ultraviolet completion of GR -have motivated strong efforts to develop modified theories of gravity which differ from GR in the infrared and ultraviolet regimes, while being consistent with the stringent observational bounds at intermediate energies [2]. The search for unambiguous signatures of modifications of GR in the strong-gravity regime is a major goal of several research fields, including cosmology [3], "standard" electromagnetic astronomy [4], and Earth-and space-based gravitational-wave astronomy [5,6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Observational and theoretical issues with Einstein's theory -including the dark matter and dark energy problems, the origin of curvature singularities and the quest for an ultraviolet completion of GR -have motivated strong efforts to develop modified theories of gravity which differ from GR in the infrared and ultraviolet regimes, while being consistent with the stringent observational bounds at intermediate energies [2]. The search for unambiguous signatures of modifications of GR in the strong-gravity regime is a major goal of several research fields, including cosmology [3], "standard" electromagnetic astronomy [4], and Earth-and space-based gravitational-wave astronomy [5,6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For this purpose a deep understanding of the optical phenomena around the black hole is important. In past studies it was proposed that the black hole's metric can be estimated from the observational features like the line and continuum spectrum, quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO), radio visibility, polarization (see, reviews, e.g., Remillard & McClintock 2006;Psaltis 2008). However, all these observational signatures highly depend on the accretion flow models.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(b) The regimes in which one may modify general relativity and the related systems that can be used to constrain these modifications. Adapted from Psaltis [21]. (Online version in colour.…”
Section: (B) Checking the Hypothesesmentioning
confidence: 99%