Probing Crust Meltdown in Inspiraling Binary Neutron Stars

Pan, Zhen; Lyu, Zhenwei; Bonga, Béatrice; Ortiz, Néstor; Yang, Huan

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.125.201102

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…At the same time, more and louder detections offer the opportunity of going beyond a single radius measurement [140] or even a characterization of features of the equation of state such as phase transitions [123]. Improved detector sensitivity will allow us to measure higher order terms beyond the = 2 tidal deformability [74], directly observe the postmerger signal [38], and study the properties of the neutron star crust in terms of its elastic properties [334,335], heating [336], and shattering [337]. Another effect of interest is the potential resonant excitation of different neutron star modes driven by the orbital motion [338,339].…”

Section: Future Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron-star tidal deformability and equation-of-state constraints

2020

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Despite their long history and astrophysical importance, some of the key properties of neutron stars are still uncertain. The extreme conditions encountered in their interiors, involving matter of uncertain composition at extreme density and isospin asymmetry, uniquely determine the stars' macroscopic properties within General Relativity. Astrophysical constraints on those macroscopic properties, such as neutron star masses and radii, have long been used to understand the microscopic properties of the matter that forms them. In this article we discuss another astrophysically observable macroscopic property of neutron stars that can be used to study their interiors: their tidal deformation. Neutron stars, much like any other extended object with structure, are tidally deformed when under the influence of an external tidal field. In the context of coalescences of neutron stars observed through their gravitational wave emission, this deformation, quantified through a parameter termed the tidal deformability, can be measured. We discuss the role of the tidal deformability in observations of coalescing neutron stars with gravitational waves and how it can be used to probe the internal structure of Nature's most compact matter objects. Perhaps inevitably, a large portion of the discussion will be dictated by GW170817, the most informative confirmed detection of a binary neutron star coalescence with gravitational waves as of the time of writing.

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Section: Future Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron-star tidal deformability and equation-of-state constraints

2020

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“…These events have been used to obtain implications on astrophysics, cosmology, nature of black holes (BHs) and nuclear physics (see studies on e.g. population properties of compact objects [8], Hubble tension [9], stochastic GW background [10], black hole spectroscopy [11], equations of state of neutron stars (NSs) [12,13], and possible mode instabilities driven by NS tidal effects [14][15][16]). GW events are also ideal sources to probe strong/dynamical fields of gravity [17][18][19][20][21] that are difficult to access through other experiments/observations, including table-top and solar system experiments, or binary pulsar and cosmological observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on Einstein-dilation-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from Black Hole-Neutron Star Gravitational Wave Events

Lyu,

Jiang,

Yagi

2022

Preprint

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Recent gravitational wave observations allow us to probe gravity in the strong and dynamical field regime. In this paper, we focus on testing Einstein-dilation Gauss-Bonnet gravity which is motivated by string theory. In particular, we use two new neutron star black hole binaries (GW200105 and GW200115). We also consider GW190814 which is consistent with both a binary black hole and a neutron star black hole binary. Adopting the leading post-Newtonian correction and carrying out a Bayesian Markov-chain Monte Carlo analyses, we derive the 90% credible upper bound on the coupling constant of the theory as √ α GB 1.33 km, whose consistency is checked with an independent Fisher analysis. This bound is stronger than the bound obtained in previous literature by combining selected binary black hole events in GWTC-1 and GWTC-2 catalogs. We also derive a combined bound of √ α GB 1.18 km by stacking GW200105, GW200115, GW190814, and selected binary black hole events. In order to check the validity of the effect of higher post-Newtonian terms, we derive corrections to the waveform phase up to second post Newtonian order by mapping results in scalar-tensor theories to Einstein-dilation Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We find that such higher-order terms improve the bounds by 14.5% for GW200105 and 6.9% for GW200115 respectively.

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“…In addition, the first multi-messenger observations of a BNS merger event GW170817 [19,20] provides unique insights into the problems including confirming BNS mergers as a progenitor of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and tightly constraining the difference between the speed of gravity and the speed of light [21]. GW170817 has also been widely used as a test bed of neutron star (NS) structure and nuclear physics [e.g., [22][23][24], light particles [e.g., [25][26][27], and as a bright siren for measuring the expansion rate of the local Universe [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeating Fast Radio Bursts from Neutron Star Binaries: Multi-band and Multi-messenger Opportunities

Zhang¹,

Yang²,

Yagi³

2022

Preprint

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Recent observations indicate that magnetars commonly reside in merging compact binaries and at least part of fast radio bursts (FRBs) are sourced by magnetar activities. It is natural to speculate that a class of merging neutron star binaries may have FRB emitters. In this work, we study the observational aspects of these binaries -particularly those with FRB repeaters, which are promising multi-band and multi-messenger observation targets of radio telescopes and ground based gravitational wave detectors as the former telescopes can probe the systems at a much earlier stage in the inspiral than the latter. We show that observations of FRB repeaters in compact binaries have a significant advantage in pinning down the binary spin dynamics, constraining neutron star equation of state, probing FRB production mechanisms, and testing beyond standard physics. As a proof of principle, we investigate several mock observations of FRB pulses originating from pre-merger neutron star binaries, and we find that using the information of FRB arriving times alone, the intrinsic parameters of this system (including the stellar masses, spins, and quadrupole moments) can be measured with high precision, and the angular dependence of the FRB emission pattern can also be well reconstructed. The measurement of stellar masses (with an error of O(10 −6 − 10 −5 )) and quadrupole moments (with an error of O(1% − 10%)) may be an unprecedented discriminator of nuclear equations of state in neutron stars. In addition, we find the multi-band and multi-messenger observations of this binary will be sensitive to alternative theories of gravity and beyond standard models, e.g., dynamical Chern-Simons gravity and axion field that is coupled to matter. For example, we find that the effect of gravitational parity violation can be probed much more accurately than existing observations/experiments by combining FRB observations with either gravitational observations or X-ray observations and applying universal relations for neutron stars that do not depend sensitively on the equations of state.

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Probing Crust Meltdown in Inspiraling Binary Neutron Stars

Cited by 26 publications

References 54 publications

Neutron-star tidal deformability and equation-of-state constraints

Neutron-star tidal deformability and equation-of-state constraints

Constraints on Einstein-dilation-Gauss-Bonnet gravity from Black Hole-Neutron Star Gravitational Wave Events

Repeating Fast Radio Bursts from Neutron Star Binaries: Multi-band and Multi-messenger Opportunities

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