Probing the Neutron Skin with Ultrarelativistic Isobaric Collisions

Li, Hanlin; Xu, H.; Zhou, Ying; Wang, Xiaobao; Zhao, J.; Chen, Lie‐Wen; Wang, Fuqiang

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.125.222301

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Indeed, those differences have been observed in isobar data [26] and are consistent with the predictions from energy density functional theory (DFT) calculations [27][28][29]. The DFT calculations indicate a large halo-type neutron skin thickness (Δ𝑟 np ) for the 96 Zr nucleus [30]; the Δ𝑟 np is 0.183 fm for 96 Zr and 0.042 fm for 96 Ru with a reasonable parameter set (see [30]). The neutron skin difference between 96 Zr and 96 Ru comes from the neutron-proton asymmetry in nuclear matter equation of state (EOS), which is encoded by the symmetry energy [31][32][33].…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

“…The density slope parameter of the symmetry energy is fitted to be 𝐿 (𝜌 𝑐 ) = 47.3 MeV at a subsatruration cross density 𝜌 𝑐 = 0.11𝜌 0 /0.16 0.11 fm −3 [35][36][37]. The DFT calculation with the same model parameters give a neutron skin Δ𝑟 np = 0.190 fm for the benchmark 208 Pb nucleus [30]. However, the recent PREX-II measurement using parity-violating electroweak interactions has yielded a large neutron skin thickness of the 208 Pb nucleus Δ𝑟 np = 0.283 ± 0.071 fm [38], leading to a larger density slope parameter 𝐿 (𝜌 𝑐 ) = 71.5 ± 22.6 MeV [39], at tension with the world data established by strong interaction means.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probing nuclear structure with mean transverse momentum in relativistic isobar collisions

Xu¹,

Zhao²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Transverse momentum (𝑝 ⊥ ) generation in relativistic heavy ion collisions is sensitive to the initial geometry and the final-state bulk evolution. We demonstrate with hydrodynamic calculations that the mean 𝑝 ⊥ ratio (𝑅 𝑝 ⊥ ) between the highly similar isobar 96 44 Ru+ 96 44 Ru and 96 40 Zr+ 96 40 Zr collisions is insensitive to the bulk evolution and remains sensitive to the small difference in the initial nuclear structure (neutron skin and deformation) between the Ru and Zr nuclei. We further find that nuclear deformation can produce an anticorrelation between 𝑅 𝑝 ⊥ and eccentricity (or elliptic flow) in central collisions. These findings suggest that the 𝑅 𝑝 ⊥ between the isobar systems can be used to measure the neutron skin thickness and deformation parameters, which can in turn constrain the nuclear symmetry energy slope parameter.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing nuclear structure with mean transverse momentum in relativistic isobar collisions

Xu¹,

Zhao²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The ∆r 96 np (Zr) and ∆r 96 np (Ru) are also very interesting since a recent study [52] has demonstrated that the isobaric 96 Zr+ 96 Zr and 96 Ru+ 96 Ru collisions at relativistic energies can be used to extract the ∆r np of 96 Zr and 96 Ru with a weak model-dependence. The ∆r 96 np (Zr) and ∆r 96 np (Ru) are also crucial for the chiral magnetic effect search in isobaric collisions [53].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the Symmetry Energy from PREX-II in the Multimessenger Era

Yue,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The neutron skin of nuclei as an important fundamental property has attracted much attentions in traditional low energy heavy-ion physics and nuclear astrophysics [1][2][3][4][5]. Very recently the neutron skin effect was also recognized even in relativistic heavy-ion collision [6][7][8][9]. The neutron skin is usually defined as the difference between the root-mean-squared (rms) radii of neutrons and protons, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of neutron-skin thickness on direct hard photon emission from reactions induced by the neutron-rich projectile $^{50}$Ca

Wang,

Ma,

Fang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Direct hard photon emissions from incoherent proton-neutron bremsstrahlung in the collisions of neutron-rich projectile 50 Ca with 12 C and 40 Ca targets are simulated in the framework of IQMD model, respectively. By adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density in the droplet model to obtain different neutron skin thickness for 50 Ca, the effects of neutron skin thickness on direct hard photon emission are investigated via several probes. The results show that more direct hard photons are produced with the increasing of the neutron skin thickness. Meanwhile, we find that yield ratio Rcp(σγ) and the rapidity dependence of multiplicity and multiplicity ratio Rcp(Nγ) for direct hard photons are apparently sensitive to neutron skin thickness. Furthermore, the direct hard photon differential and relative flows between central and peripheral collision are presented. We find that the differential flow is slightly more sensitive to neutron skin thickness than the relative flow. It is suggested that direct hard photon emission may be used as an experimental observable to extract the information of neutron skin thickness.

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Probing the Neutron Skin with Ultrarelativistic Isobaric Collisions

Cited by 63 publications

References 71 publications

Probing nuclear structure with mean transverse momentum in relativistic isobar collisions

Probing nuclear structure with mean transverse momentum in relativistic isobar collisions

Constraints on the Symmetry Energy from PREX-II in the Multimessenger Era

Effects of neutron-skin thickness on direct hard photon emission from reactions induced by the neutron-rich projectile $^{50}$Ca

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