Probiotic attributes and prevention of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory stress in RAW264.7 macrophages and human intestinal epithelial cell line (Caco-2) by newly isolatedWeissella cibariastrains

Abstract

Probiotic lactic acid bacteria are known to modulate gut associated immune responses. Not many studies have reported on the role of Weissella species in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced proinflammatory stress in murine macrophages as well as in human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Therefore, the present study was taken up to evaluate the probiotic attributes of four newly isolated Weissella strains (two each from fermented dosa batter and a human infant faecal sample); these attributes are cholesterol reduction, adhesion to Caco-2 cells and mucin and their ability to prevent LPS-induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) production by the murine macrophages and IL-8 production by the human epithelial cells. Reduction in LPS induced pro-inflammatory stress was compared with a well-studied probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. The results suggested that the strains were tolerant to gastric conditions (pH 3.0) and bile salts. In addition, the strains exhibited moderate cell surface hydrophobicity, cholesterol reduction and adhesion to Caco-2 cells and gastric mucin. All the strains could prevent LPS-induced nitric oxide and IL-6 production in murine macrophages, while strain 28 alone prevented IL-1β production. All the strains could prevent IL-8 production by the human epithelial cells. The present study led to the first line selection of W. cibaria 28 as a putative strain for future studies as it showed adhesion to Caco-2 cells and gastric mucin and cholesterol reduction besides preventing LPS-induced pro-inflammatory stress in macrophages and in human colonic epithelial cells.

Protection from chemotherapy- and antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by a probiotic with digestive enzymes supplement

“…The results of the Caco-2/THP-1 co-culture experiments are provided in Figure 6 . Measurement of IL-6 was performed as known pro-inflammatory signature of LPS-stimulated macrophages, and also of colonic mucosal cells [ 36 , 37 ]. The results showed that preventative treatment with the probiotic with digestive enzymes supplement generated microbial metabolites in the proximal colon reactors that decreased IL-6 concentrations in the co-culture model as compared to the control reactors that were not supplemented but were treated with 5-FU/vancomycin.…”

High-temperature exposure alters the community structure and functional features of the intestinal microbiota in Shaoxing ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…The dietary supplementation with Weissella koreensis powder improved growth performance in pigs and had a beneficial effect on the immune response during an inflammatory challenge ( Wang et al., 2011 ). A study has revealed that Weissella species played important roles in preventing lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory stress in murine macrophages and in human intestinal epithelial cells ( Singh et al., 2018 ). The Lactococcus genus is considered a potential etiological agent in the mastitis outbreak investigation ( Rodrigues et al., 2016 ), and Lactococcus garvieae is the causative agent of lactococcosis, a hyperacute and hemorrhagic septicemia of fish ( Meyburgh et al., 2017 ).…”

Weissella cibaria Attenuated LPS-Induced Dysfunction of Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in a Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model

“…The intestinal barrier is chronically exposed to various antigens including microorganisms and toxin (Gu et al, 2016). LPS, an endotoxin derived from gut gram-negative bacteria, mediates inflammatory reaction and homeostasis disturbance by stimulating the massive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α (Singh et al, 2018;Wang and Kong, 2018). It has been reported that probiotics could directly interact with the IECs regulating the immune inflammation caused by LPS (Singh et al, 2018).…”

“…Considering W. cibaria a relatively recent member of LAB, the occurrence of potential probiotic strains belonging to this species still needs to be explored. Indeed, some specific W. cibaria strains had shown some beneficial effects, demonstrating antioxidant (Ye et al, 2018;Zhu et al, 2018), antimicrobial (Lim et al, 2018), anticancer (Kwak et al, 2018), and immunomodulatory features (Lee et al, 2018;Singh et al, 2018). Singh et al (2018) indicated that W. cibaria 28, a strain isolated from human infant feces, can prevent pro-inflammatory stress in Caco-2 cells challenged with LPS.…”