Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Attenuate Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Colitis in Mice

Abstract

It is widely accepted that inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) arises from a dysregulated mucosal immune response to the enteric microbiota in the gut of a genetically susceptible individual. No definitive therapies are available for this inflammatory disorder. Therefore it became imperative to develop new strategies for treating this disease. Probiotics have emerged as a potential new therapeutic strategy for IBD, however their exact mechanisms of action is still poorly defined. In this study, we address the potential effect of a probiotic cocktail (Ultrabletique") composed of four live bacterial strains (L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, B. lactis and B.breve) to promote recovery from acute colitis. Probiotic was given to mice by oral gavage after the onset of colitis and the establishment of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced intestinal injury. Clinical parameters were monitored daily, histological scores of colitis and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and interferon-y (IFN-y) were determined. In addition, TLR4, NF-KB and iNOS colonic expression were examined. Probiotic treatment ameliorated clinical symptoms and histological scores. NO and IFN-y production in plasma were decreased by probiotic. These results were associated with reduced

Cytokines and Nitric Oxide in Immunopathogenesis of IBD and Potential Therapeutic Approaches

“…There is growing body of evidence that suggest that probiotics and heminths may have potential use as antiinflammatory agents in IBD by inducing antiinflammatory cytokines pattern. The results of our studies and others demonstrated that some probiotics such as Bifidobacterium infantis and Bifidobacterium longum downregulate proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-8 production and stimulate immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 production [33,[90][91][92]. Moreover, it has been reported that B. infantis feeding in DSS-induced colitis model downregulate IL-17A expression and induce IL-10 production restoring thereby the TH17/ Tregs balance [93,94].…”

Overview of cytokines and nitric oxide involvement in immuno-pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases

“…In both patients and animal models of IBD, a positive correlation between the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1b, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and an overexpression of iNOS was found. This expression was primarily detected in the lamina propria mononuclear cells and the colon epithelial cells of the inflamed mucosa [6,16,17,27,30,71,72] . Several studies conducted on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental model of colitis in BALB/c mice indicated that the neutralization of endogenous TNF-α and/or IFN-γ ameliorated the chronic colitis and concomitantly decreased the generation of NO.…”

Anti-inflammatory potential of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 in acute colitis in rats

“…The strain was cultured in MRS broth (Merck, Germany) pre pared as night cultures at 37ºC aerobically and provided in a dose of 3x10 9 CFU of strain/1 mL. Then 0.5 mL of lactobacilli strains mixed with 9 mL of pasteurized milk (20-22ºC) was fi lled into bottles and administered every day.…”

“…Then 0.5 mL of lactobacilli strains mixed with 9 mL of pasteurized milk (20-22ºC) was fi lled into bottles and administered every day. Each rat received approximately 1.5x10 9 CFU lactobacilli via the oral route.…”

“…For the treatment of IBD probiotic products are currently used as supplements, and not as alternatives or substitutes for conventional therapy [6,7]. Animal studies have confi rmed that probiotics and prebiotics enhance the intestinal mucosal immunity, recover the intestinal microbial community structure, and improve chronic intestinal infl ammation [8][9][10].…”