Probiotic expressing heterologous phytase improves the immune system and attenuates inflammatory response in zebrafish fed with a diet rich in soybean meal

Santos, Kamila Oliveira; Costa-Filho, João; Riet, Jade; Spagnol, Kérolin Luana; Nornberg, Bruna Félix; Kütter, Mateus Tavares; Tesser, Marcelo Borges; Marins, Luís Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.030

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The immune protection function of the protein against bacterial infection can be evaluated by immunizing mice with the protein and challenging the mice with the pathogenic bacteria, and then analyzing the death rate [ 16 ], visceral organ injury [ 37 ], and expression of inflammation-related genes and antioxidant factors [ 38 , 39 ]. Our study showed that the immune protection effect of NP-OmpA was 71.43% ( p < 0.05), which was higher than that of OmpA (28.57%), NP-Empty (7.14%), and the NC group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Escherichia coli OmpA Oral Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Immune Functions against the Major Etiologic Agent of Cow Mastitis

Liu

Sun

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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Escherichia coli is a major etiologic agent of cow mastitis, a condition that results in huge economic losses. There is a lack of an oral vaccine for cow mastitis. Previous studies have confirmed that the outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli is immunogenic and can be used for vaccine design. In the present study, OmpA was encapsulated into nanoparticles (NP-OmpA) for an oral vaccine for cow mastitis. Methods: OmpA was purified with Ni-NTA flow resin and encapsulated with chitosan (CS) to prepare NP-OmpA nanoparticles. The gastrointestinal tract was simulated in vitro (PBS, pH 1.2) to measure the protein release rate. The optimal preparation conditions for NP-OmpA were determined by analyzing the concentrations of OmpA and CS, magnetic mixing speed, mixing time, and the ratio of tripolyphosphate (TPP)/CS (w/w). NP-OmpA safety was assessed by function factors and histopathological examination of livers and kidneys. The immune activity of NP-OmpA was determined using qRT-PCR to assess immune-related gene expression, leukocyte phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus, ELISA to evaluate antiserum titer and immune recognition of E. coli, and the organ index. The immune protection function of NP-OmpA was assessed by the protection rate of NP-OmpA to E. coli in mice, qRT-PCR for inflammation-related gene expression, assay kits for antioxidant factors, and visceral injury in the histopathological sections. Results: NP-OmpA nanoparticles had a diameter of about 700 nm, loading efficiency (LE) of 79.27%, and loading capacity (LC) of 20.31%. The release rate of NP-OmpA (0~96 h) was less than 50% in vitro. The optimal preparation conditions for NP-OmpAs were OmpA protein concentration of 2 mg/mL, CS concentration of 5 mg/mL, TPP/CS (w/w) of 1:1, magnetic mixing speed of 150 r/min, and mixing time of 15 min. Histopathological sections and clinical analytes of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) showed NP-OmpA did not damage mice livers or kidneys. NP-OmpA could enhance the immune-related gene expression of IFN-γ and HSP70 in the spleen, liver, and kidney and the leukocyte phagocytosis of S. aureus. The antiserum titer (1:3200) was obtained from mice immunized with NP-OmpA, which had an immune recognition effect to E. coli. The immune protection rate of NP-OmpA was 71.43% (p < 0.05) to E. coli. NP-OmpA could down-regulate the inflammation-related gene expression of TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-10 in the spleen, liver, and kidney, and the antioxidant factors MDA and SOD in the liver, and reduce injury in the liver and kidney of mice induced by E. coli. Conclusions: A novel NP-OmpA nanoparticle was encapsulated, and the optimal preparation conditions were determined. The NP-OmpA was safe and had good immune functions. They are expected to induce a response that resists infection with the major etiologic agent (E. coli) of cow mastitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Escherichia coli OmpA Oral Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Immune Functions against the Major Etiologic Agent of Cow Mastitis

Liu

Sun

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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“…In this study, the body length and body weight of both female and male were increased according to the recorded indexes of adult zebrafish after DEHP exposure groups (10-33 µg/L), compared to control. Moreover, the condition factor (K) stands the critical indicator for the toxicity of pollutants and food intake changes on the fish in fresh and marine water systems [42,43]. The higher condition factor of female and male zebrafish was calculated to be higher in lower concentration groups, and the organ somatic indexes (ISI, GSI, and HSI) were increased but without significant for signal organ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEHP chronic exposure disturbs the gut microbial community and metabolic homeostasis: Gender-based differences in zebrafish

Pei

Jia

Xin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a predominant phthalate ester (PAE), exhibits various toxic potentials with environmental and human health risks. However, the chronic effects of DEHP exposure on gut microbiota and associated host’s health are still largely unexplored. Here, zebrafish were exposed to relative environmental levels (0-100 μg/L) of DEHP from embryos to adult (3.5 months), then the developmental indexes and microbiota as well as the related energy metabolites in gut tissues were checked to unveil the effects during the growth progress. Results: The results indicated that the composition of gut microbiota was different among male and female adult zebrafish, and DEHP disrupted the diversity and richness of the bacterial community. The histopathological analysis of intestinal tissues revealed the decrease of villus length and tunica muscularis thickness, especially the goblet cells per villi in male fish. Moreover, energy metabolites in gut tissues were actively increased at lower levels groups, which probably contribute to the condition factor of host. For immune-related genes, the expression levels of il-8 was increased both in female and male fish in the lowest concentration (10 μg/L), but the tlr-5 and il-1β genes were in the different response with significantly decreased in female fish. Conclusion: Taken all together, those results indicated that chronic exposure to DEHP led to zebrafish obesity with the disturbed bacterial community in the gut and related metabolism pathways. Those findings provided deep insights on the perturbation of gut microbiota, metabolic homeostasis, and gender-based differences by DEHP exposure.

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“…Beyond poultry/pigs, microbial phytases have been also employed for fish nutrition to enhance growth, micro/macromineral uptake, and to reduce pollution in aquatic environments [34]. Another alternative is the use of heterologous expressing microorganisms as probiotics improving the immune system of fishes [35].…”

Section: Phytases Are Mostly Employed In Feed Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal phytases: from genes to applications

Corrêa

Araújo

2020

Braz J Microbiol

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Phytic acid stores 60-90% of the inorganic phosphorus in legumes, oil seeds, and cereals, making it inaccessible for metabolic processes in living systems. In addition, given its negative charge, phytic acid complexes with divalent cations, starch, and proteins. Inorganic phosphorous can be released from phytic acid upon the action of phytases. Phytases are phosphatases produced by animals, plants, and microorganisms, notably Aspergillus niger, and are employed as animal feed additive, in chemical industry and for ethanol production. Given the industrial relevance of phytases produced by filamentous fungi, this work discusses the functional characterization of fungal phytase-coding genes/proteins, highlighting the physicochemical parameters that govern the enzymatic activity, the development of phytase super-producing strains, and key features for industrial applications.

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Probiotic expressing heterologous phytase improves the immune system and attenuates inflammatory response in zebrafish fed with a diet rich in soybean meal

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Synthesis of Escherichia coli OmpA Oral Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Immune Functions against the Major Etiologic Agent of Cow Mastitis

Synthesis of Escherichia coli OmpA Oral Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Immune Functions against the Major Etiologic Agent of Cow Mastitis

DEHP chronic exposure disturbs the gut microbial community and metabolic homeostasis: Gender-based differences in zebrafish

Fungal phytases: from genes to applications

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