Probiotic therapy for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review

Probiotics for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials

“…Since our review involved the meta-analysis of explanatory rather than pragmatic trials, and since 3 trials 4,7,25 of the 6 examined had high losses to follow-up (18%-37%), the validity of ITT analysis in this review can be questioned. We chose instead to focus on the per-protocol analysis, as other authors 8,11 in this field have done. The statistical heterogeneity we found was notable: moderate (70%) in the per-protocol analysis (Fig.…”

Clinical update for the diagnosis and treatment ofClostridium difficileinfection

“…The clinical efficacy of S. boulardii has shown mixed results in a number of reviews and meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials of CDI. Dendukuri et al [185] concluded that the "studies conducted to date provide insufficient evidence for the routine clinical use of probiotics to prevent or treat CAD". Szajewska et al [186] found a reduction in antibiotic associated diarrhea of 57%, but no reduction in CDI.…”

Use of antibiotic and prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in-patients with spinal cord injuries: a UK national spinal injury centre experience

“…The disturbance of normal gut microbiota, especially after antibiotic use, is thought to predispose patients to pathogenic bacterial colonisation 1,2 It is reported that three predominantly opportunistic pathogens including Clostridium difficile (C. diff), Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens were associated with AAD 3 .…”

“…Diarrhoea causes dehydration and malnutrition with further medical consequences. 15 The objective of this study was to (1) record the use of antibiotics; (2) establish the prevalence of AAD and CDAD and; (3) assess if there is any seasonal variation on infections and prevalence of AAD in a UK leading SCI centre.…”