Probiotics for preventing gestational diabetes in overweight or obese pregnant women: A review

Abstract

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. Specific probiotics or probiotic foods can be used to reduce the risk of diseases associated with aberrant gut microbiota composition. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased annually with the proportion of overweight and obese people. Overweight or obese pregnant women are at high risk of GDM and have obvious changes in gut microbiota compared with normal-weight pregnant women. Specific probiotics or probiotic foods may alter gut microbiota in overweight or obese pregnant women and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors, consequently resulting in weight loss and reduced insulin resistance. This review discusses the mechanism of probiotics on GDM, as well as the dose, method and duration of probiotics use, and summarizes current evidence on probiotics in improving glucose metabolism and other maternal and infant outcomes in overweight/obese pregnant women.

The state of the colon microbiome in women with gestational diabetes

“…Необхідно виділити робити науковців, які намагалися використати пробіотики для профілактики ГЦД [20][21][22] і його корекції [23][24][25]. Товста кишка є провідним і найважливішим резервуаром симбіотичного мікробіому людини.…”

Probiotics Supplementation during Pregnancy: Can They Exert Potential Beneficial Effects against Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes beyond Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

“…Notably, the gut bacteria ecosystem has been well recognized to exert a crucial impact in controlling energy homeostasis and is highly related with the risk of metabolism disorders [ 15 , 16 ]. In the last few years, there have been cumulative clinical studies investigating the probable positive effects of probiotics supplements in preventing and/or co-treating GDM [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Even if there is heterogeneity among the existing clinical studies, most of them have supported that probiotics supplementation may decrease the risk of GDM by reducing its influencing metabolism characteristics, including blood glucose concentrations, lipids levels, inflammatory conditions, and oxidation biomarkers, all of which could lower GDM incidence among pregnant women [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

“…In the last few years, there have been cumulative clinical studies investigating the probable positive effects of probiotics supplements in preventing and/or co-treating GDM [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Even if there is heterogeneity among the existing clinical studies, most of them have supported that probiotics supplementation may decrease the risk of GDM by reducing its influencing metabolism characteristics, including blood glucose concentrations, lipids levels, inflammatory conditions, and oxidation biomarkers, all of which could lower GDM incidence among pregnant women [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. GDM constitutes one of the most common perinatal risk factors which may negatively affect both the mother’s and fetus’ health, exerting severe short- and long-term harmful pregnancy effects if remained untreated [ 21 , 22 ].…”