Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Kalliomäki, Marko; Salminen, Seppo; Arvilommi, Heikki; Kero, Pentti; Koskinen, Pertti; Isolauri, Erika

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04259-8

Cited by 2,198 publications

(1,548 citation statements)

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“…Most data have been obtained from trials with probiotic bacteria. Lactobacillus, given pre-and postnatally, has been shown to reduce the occurrence of atopic eczema up to 2 years of age in genetically predisposed individuals (156), whereas no effect on allergic symptoms was found among teenagers and young adults with pollen and food allergy after the use of Lactobacillus for nearly 6 months (157). In addition, intradermal administration of killed M. vaccae suspension, twice a day for a week, has been shown to improve moderate-to-severe atopic eczema in children (158).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and atopy – the price of affluence?

Hertzen

Haahtela²

2004

Allergy

121

110

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Irrespective of improved knowledge of many aspects of atopic diseases, the unfavorable trends in their prevalence particularly among children could not have been reversed. A growing body of evidence suggests that something may lack from our societal affluence that has the capacity to provide protection against the development of atopic diseases. Much attention during the last years has been devoted to the hygiene hypothesis. This review outlines the impact of environment and lifestyle, particularly from the perspective of the East–West gradient, on the development of atopic diseases, with a special emphasis on the hygiene hypothesis in its broadest sense.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and atopy – the price of affluence?

Hertzen

Haahtela²

2004

Allergy

121

110

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“…This was recently demonstrated with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 as well as L. reuteri ATCC 55730 (Weizman et al, 2005). It has also been suggested that probiotics may alleviate clinical symptoms of pediatric atopic diseases (Isolauri et al, 2000;Kalliomäki et al, 2001Kalliomäki et al, , 2003Rosenfeldt et al, 2003;Rosenfeldt et al, 2004) and modulate immune functions (Schiffrin et al, 1995;Fukushima et al, 1998;Blum and Schiffrin, 2003;Hart et al, 2004;Valeur et al, 2004). Concerning the effect on blood lipids contradictory results has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–response study of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei CRL-341 in healthy young adults

Larsen

Nielsen²,

Kæstel³

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

109

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Objective: This study was performed to investigate the dose-response effects of supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei (CRL-431) on blood lipids, recovery from feces and bowel habits. Changes of the fecal microflora was analyzed in the 10 10 CFU/day probiotic and placebo group. Design: The study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel dose-response study. Subjects: Healthy young adults (18-40 years) were recruited by advertising in local newspapers. Of the 75 persons enrolled, 71 (46 women, 25 men, mean age 25.6 years (range 18-40 years)) completed the study. Intervention: The volunteers were randomly assigned into five groups receiving either placebo or a mixture of the two probiotics in the concentration of 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 or 10 11 CFU/day in 2 weeks run-in period, 3 weeks intervention and 2 weeks wash-out. Diary reporting bowel habits and well being (abdominal bloating, flatulence and headache) was kept for all 7 weeks and blood lipids, fecal recovery of BB-12 and CRL-431, as well as fecal microflora was tested before, immediately and 2 weeks after intervention. Results: The fecal recovery of BB-12 increased significantly (Po0.001) with increasing dose. In the group receiving 10 11 CFU/ day BB-12 was recovered from 13 out of 15 volunteers. CRL-431 was not recovered in any of the fecal samples. Supplementation with probiotics did not change the fecal bacterial composition. A significant linear increase in fecal consistency (looser stool) with increasing probiotic dose (P ¼ 0.018) was observed. No overall dose-response effect was found on the blood lipids. High doses of probiotics were well tolerated. Conclusion: A dose-related recovery of BB-12 from feces was observed. Sponsorship: The study was sponsored by Chr. Hansen A/S, Hoersholm, Denmark. Keywords: dose-response study; probiotics; cholesterol; recovery from feces; constipation European Journal of Clinical Nutrition IntroductionIt is generally accepted that the composition of the intestinal microflora influences the health and well being of humans. With the many publications showing beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria, there has been an increasing interest in the mechanism behind. Most clinical studies have tested only one dose of probiotics, ranging from 4 Â 10 8 CFU/day for determination of gastrointestinal colonization and immune modulation (Valeur et al., 2004) Contributors: DCE, CNL and KFM wrote the protocol. DCE performed the study. CNL did the microbiological analysis of fecal samples and study product. EB performed the fluorescent whole cell hybridization of BB-12 like colonies. MB performed the PFGE of CRL-431 like colonies. PK performed the statistical analysis. CNL and SN wrote the first draft of the paper and all contributors participated in the revision and final approval of the paper.

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“…In numerous human trials, although the precise mechanisms have not been determined, intake of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria has been reported to be beneficial with respect to stool frequency and stool consistency (2,3). The potential benefit of probiotics in the modulation and regulation of the immune response has also been reported in both humans and animals (4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Gene expression in the rat colon, small intestine, and spleen was examined by microarray and real-time PCR after feeding 5 × 10 8 colony-forming units/animal B. breve to rat pups during the newborn (days [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] or weaning (days 21-34) period.…”

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confidence: 99%