Probiotics in septic acute kidney injury, a double blind, randomized control trial

Chávez-Íñiguez, Jonathan S.; Ibarra‑Estrada, Miguel; Gallardo-González, Alejandro Martínez; Cisneros-Hernández, Ari; Claure-Del Granado, Rolando; Chávez-Alonso, Gael; Hernández-Barajas, Eduardo M.; Romero-Muñoz, Alexia C.; Ramos-Avellaneda, Fidel; Prieto-Magallanes, Manuel L.; Plascencia-Cruz, Marcela; Tanaka-Gutiérrez, Jarumi A.; Pérez-Hernández, Cristina; Navarro-Blackaller, Guillermo; Medina-González, Ramón; Alcantar-Vallin, Luz; Renoirte-López, Karina; García-García, Guillermo

doi:10.1080/0886022x.2023.2260003

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…This situation escalates the load of resistance genes and exacerbates the dispersion of resistant bacteria to other areas, leading to infections ( Anthony et al., 2021 ). Similarly, antibiotic usage can affect microbiota stability ( Chávez-Íñiguez et al., 2023 ). In this study, all patients had undergone antibiotic treatment, with 33.3% having utilized probiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating gut microbiota–blood and urine metabolite correlations in early sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: insights from targeted KEGG analyses

Xu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundThe interplay between gut microbiota and metabolites in the early stages of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is not yet clearly understood. This study explores the characteristics and interactions of gut microbiota, and blood and urinary metabolites in patients with SA-AKI.MethodsUtilizing a prospective observational approach, we conducted comparative analyses of gut microbiota and metabolites via metabolomics and metagenomics in individuals diagnosed with SA-AKI compared to those without AKI (NCT06197828). Pearson correlations were used to identify associations between microbiota, metabolites, and clinical indicators. The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database was employed to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways informed on metabolic processes and microbial resistance patterns.ResultsOur study included analysis of four patients with SA-AKI and five without AKI. Significant disparities in bacterial composition were observed, illustrated by diversity indices (Shannon index: 2.0 ± 0.4 vs. 1.4 ± 0.6, P = 0.230; Simpson index: 0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2, P = 0.494) between the SA-AKI group and the non-AKI group. N6, N6, N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine was detected in both blood and urine metabolites, and also showed significant correlations with specific gut microbiota (Campylobacter hominis and Bacteroides caccae, R > 0, P < 0.05). Both blood and urine metabolites were enriched in the lysine degradation pathway. We also identified the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) as a KEGG pathway enriched in sets of differentially expressed ARGs in the gut microbiota, which exhibits an association with lysine degradation.ConclusionsSignificant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites were observed between the SA-AKI and non-AKI groups, uncovering potential biomarkers and metabolic changes linked to SA-AKI. The lysine degradation pathway may serve as a crucial link connecting gut microbiota and metabolites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating gut microbiota–blood and urine metabolite correlations in early sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: insights from targeted KEGG analyses

Xu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Renal protective and immunoregulatory effects of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in nephropathy-prone mice

Chan,

Chen,

Lin

2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionThe incidence of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) is considerably high worldwide. A previous study showed that gut microbial dysbiosis was a hallmark of AKI in mice. Whether the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) plays a role in kidney disease, particularly AKI, remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the effects of LcS on kidney injury, tubule-specific conditional von Hippel–Lindau gene-knockout C57BL/6 mice (Vhlhdel/del mice) were supplemented without (Ctrl) or with probiotics (LcS) in Experiment 1, and their lifespan was monitored. Additionally, the Vhlhdel/+ mice were supplemented without (Ctrl and AA) or with probiotics (LcS and LcS + AA) in Experiment 2. Probiotic LcS (1 × 109 colony-forming units) was supplemented once daily. After 4 weeks of LcS supplementation, AA and LcS + AA mice were administered aristolochic acid (AA; 4 mg/kg body weight/day)-containing purified diet for 2 weeks to induce AA nephropathy before sacrifice.ResultsSupplementation of LcS significantly prolonged the lifespan of Vhlhdel/del mice, suggesting a potential renal protective effect. AA induced-nephropathy increased not only the indicators of renal dysfunction and injury, including urinary protein and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, but also serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels, renal macrophage infiltrations, and pathological lesions in Vhlhdel/+ mice. LcS supplementation significantly reduced urinary protein and KIM-1 levels, serum BUN and IL-6 levels, and renal M1 macrophages, tissue lesions, and injury scores. We also found that LcS maintained gut integrity under AA induction and increased intestinal lamina propria dendritic cells. Furthermore, LcS significantly reduced pro-inflammatory IL-17A and upregulated anti-inflammatory IL-10 production by immune cells from intestinal Peyer’s patches (PP) or mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and significantly increased IL-10 and reduced IL-6 production by splenocytes.ConclusionPrior supplementation with probiotic LcS significantly alleviated the severity of renal injury. This renal protective effect was partially associated with the enhancements of intestinal and systemic anti-inflammatory immune responses, suggesting that LcS-induced immunoregulation might contribute to its renal protective effects.

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Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Chronic Kidney Disease? Molecular Mechanisms Contributed to Decreasing Glomerular Filtration Rate

Młynarska,

Budny,

Saar

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a very prevalent and insidious disease, particularly with initially poorly manifested symptoms that progressively culminate in the manifestation of an advanced stage of the condition. The gradual impairment of kidney function, particularly decreased filtration capacity, results in the retention of uremic toxins and affects numerous molecular mechanisms within the body. The dysbiotic intestinal microbiome plays a crucial role in the accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins such as p-cresol (pC), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and p-cresyl sulfate (p-CS) through the ongoing fermentation process. The described phenomenon leads to an elevated level of oxidative stress and inflammation, subsequently resulting in tissue damage and complications, particularly an increase in cardiovascular risk, representing the predominant cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, exploring methods to reduce uremic toxins is currently a pivotal therapeutic strategy aimed at reducing the risk of organ damage in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review aims to summarize recent discoveries on modifying the composition of the intestinal microbiota through the introduction of special probiotic and synbiotic supplements for CKD therapy. The potential to connect the gut microbiota with CKD opens the possibility for further extensive research in this area, which could lead to the incorporation of synbiotics and probiotics into the fundamental treatment and prevention of CKD.

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Probiotics in septic acute kidney injury, a double blind, randomized control trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Investigating gut microbiota–blood and urine metabolite correlations in early sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: insights from targeted KEGG analyses

Investigating gut microbiota–blood and urine metabolite correlations in early sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: insights from targeted KEGG analyses

Renal protective and immunoregulatory effects of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in nephropathy-prone mice

Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Chronic Kidney Disease? Molecular Mechanisms Contributed to Decreasing Glomerular Filtration Rate

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