Probiotics Reduce Postoperative Infections in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Liu, Peng Cheng; Yu, Yang; Yu, Jing; Wang, Xiang Wen; Geng, Jie; Wang, Mancai; Wei, Feng Xian; Zhang, Ya Wu; Xu, Xiao Dong; Zhang, You Cheng

doi:10.1155/2017/6029075

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…ere are clinical trials that prove efficacy of oral probiotics for various skin problems [22,55] and even for lowering the rate of surgical site infections [56][57][58]. A recent meta-analysis [59] has also concluded that a reduction of surgical site infections following colorectal surgery was found for patients that were administered probiotics. e reported mechanisms mainly included immune modulation including: increase of production of TNF-α and IL-10 [59], systemic cellular immune response [56], modulation of the gene expression of SOCS3 [58], and pathogen inhibition [59].…”

Section: Probiotics As Alternatives To Antibiotics For Woundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Fijan

Frauwallner²,

Langerholc

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

104

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e skin and its microbiota serve as physical barriers to prevent invasion of pathogens. Skin damage can be a consequence of illness, surgery, and burns. e most effective wound management strategy is to prevent infections, promote healing, and prevent excess scarring. It is well established that probiotics can aid in skin healing by stimulating the production of immune cells, and they also exhibit antagonistic effects against pathogens via competitive exclusion of pathogens. Our aim was to conduct a review of recent literature on the efficacy of using probiotics against pathogens that cause wound infections. In this integrative review, we searched through the literature published in the international following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus using the search terms "probiotic" AND "wound infection." During a comprehensive review and critique of the selected research, fourteen in vitro studies, 8 animal studies, and 19 clinical studies were found. Two of these in vitro studies also included animal studies, yielding a total of 39 articles for inclusion in the review. e most commonly used probiotics for all studies were well-known strains of the species Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. All in vitro studies showed successful inhibition of chosen skin or wound pathogens by the selected probiotics. Within the animal studies on mice, rats, and rabbits, probiotics showed strong opportunities for counteracting wound infections. Most clinical studies showed slight or statistically significant lower incidence of surgical site infections, foot ulcer infection, or burn infections for patients using probiotics. Several of these studies also indicated a statistically significant wound healing effect for the probiotic groups. is review indicates that exogenous and oral application of probiotics has shown reduction in wound infections, especially when used as an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy, and therefore the potential use of probiotics in this field remains worthy of further studies, perhaps focused more on typical skin inhabitants as next-generation probiotics with high potential.

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Section: Probiotics As Alternatives To Antibiotics For Woundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Fijan

Frauwallner²,

Langerholc

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

104

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“…Liu et al in another study (2015) concluded that probiotics reduced postoperative infections in patients with liver metastasis 20 . Three systematic reviews (2017) and one metaanalysis (2015) also confirmed the protective effects of probiotics and synbiotics consumption before ab-dominal surgery, which reduced infective complications such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia and sepsis 15,[20][21][22][23][24] . Liu et al recommended a diet that included bacteria of different strains, and this diet was more useful than single-strain diets for surgical infections and other infections 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Assessment of probiotic effects on colorectal surgery complications: A double blinded, randomized clinical trial

et al. 2019

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Background: Probiotics are living bacteria, which can be used as a food supplement to produce inhibitory agents and compete with pathogens in the guts. Nowadays, because of the easy accessibility and misuse of antibiotics, probiotic usage is increasing. The goal of our study is to assess the effects of probiotics on colorectal surgery complications. Methods: The enrolled cases were selected from colorectal surgery candidate patients, who referred to Sina and Imam Reza Hospitals of Tabriz University from April of 2016 to April of 2017. They were divided into two groups of study and control. For the study group, 7 days before surgery, one capsule of probiotics (Familact) was administrated every night, while the control group was given capsules of placebo. Results: Although the infective complications, mortality ratio and duration of hospitalization in the study group were lower than the control group, these differences were not statistically significant. Discussion: Our study confirmed that preoperative probiotic consumption in colorectal surgery had not affected complications or mortality of surgery and this finding is in disagreement with some previous studies. Perhaps, other strains of bacteria or different dosage, duration and rout of administration can have positive effects on these complications. Conclusion: This study showed that there was no correlation between probiotic consumption preoperatively and decreased complications or mortality after colorectal surgery.

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“…Probiotics can be used to support the restoration of a healthy gut microbiota in patients undergoing surgical procedures. The formulation of probiotics and their efficacy for use with patients undergoing colorectal resection was evaluated in a recent systematic review of over 1000 patients (Liu et al, 2017). The authors concluded that a combination of multistrain probiotics was associated with a reduction in total number of infections (OR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.15-0.61, p=0.0009), including surgicalsite infections (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.25-0.89, p=0.02) and nonsurgical-site infections (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.23-0.56, p<0.00001), while there was no significant reduction when single-strain or dualstrain probiotics were used (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.50-1.09, p=0.13) (Liu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Surgical Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formulation of probiotics and their efficacy for use with patients undergoing colorectal resection was evaluated in a recent systematic review of over 1000 patients (Liu et al, 2017). The authors concluded that a combination of multistrain probiotics was associated with a reduction in total number of infections (OR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.15-0.61, p=0.0009), including surgicalsite infections (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.25-0.89, p=0.02) and nonsurgical-site infections (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.23-0.56, p<0.00001), while there was no significant reduction when single-strain or dualstrain probiotics were used (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.50-1.09, p=0.13) (Liu et al, 2017). Studies also suggest that perioperative use of probiotics or synbiotics (probiotics mixed with a non-digestive food ingredient that stimulates bacterial growth, known as prebiotics) in patients undergoing What differences are there between using probiotics in paediatric and adult patients?…”

Section: Surgical Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and infection prevention: making space for probiotics in healthcare

Naghibi¹,

Day²

2018

Gastrointestinal Nursing

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The human microbiome plays a vital role in patients' susceptibility to infections. A change to the composition of the microbiome-be it a change in the presence or abundance of microbial species or the introduction of new pathogens-may result in dysbiosis, which has been identified in patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). Probiotics can ameliorate dysbiosis, and there is extensive research into their use in AGE and AAD. Recently, national and international bodies-inlcuding the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS)-have recommended the use of probiotics in the treatment of AGE and the prevention of AAD and Clostridium difficile infections (CDI). Also, there is emerging evidence suggesting that the perioperative use of probiotics in elective surgery can reduce rates of surgical infections (SI) and reduce the need for postoperative antibiotics. A growing body of evidence suggests that probiotics should be considered as an adjunct to standard protocols in AGE, AAD, CDI and SI, and this review summarises recent developments in probiotic research in these conditions.

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Probiotics Reduce Postoperative Infections in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Assessment of probiotic effects on colorectal surgery complications: A double blinded, randomized clinical trial

Microbiota and infection prevention: making space for probiotics in healthcare

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