Problem Behaviour

Deb, Shoumitro; Unwin, Gemma; Cooper, Sally‐Ann; Rojahn, Johannes

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95720-3_7

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 118 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The extensive overlap of symptoms between ID, ASD, and ADHD often makes it difficult to tease apart these diagnoses in people with ID [ 39 , 44 , 45 ]. As BtC is common in ID (18–60%) [ 2 ], ASD (10–15%) [ 46 ], and ADHD [ 44 ], respectively, the rate of BtC increases when all three conditions co-exist [ 39 ]. Therefore, SPECTROM has developed comprehensive modules on ASD and ADHD, with information on strategies to help people with ID and ASD and/or ADHD to reduce BtC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behaviours that challenge (BtC), or challenging behaviour, can be defined as “culturally abnormal behaviour of such an intensity, frequency or duration that the physical safety of the person or others is likely to be placed in serious jeopardy, or behaviour which is likely to seriously limit the use of, or result in the person being denied access to, ordinary community facilities” [ 1 ]. BtC is common in people with intellectual (learning) disabilities (ID), with up to 60.4% of adults with ID showing at least one form of BtC [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. BtC includes aggression, destructive behaviour, and self-injurious behaviour [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BtC includes aggression, destructive behaviour, and self-injurious behaviour [ 5 ]. BtC can be difficult to manage and may lead to exclusion from community facilities, community placement breakdown and hospitalisation, and the use of restrictive practices such as physical restraint and inappropriate medication use [ 2 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To help a person with BtC, it is crucial to understand the reason behind the BtC rather than to inappropriately use medication [ 2 , 6 ]. BtC can be considered a form of communication whereby a person with ID conveys their distress [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Causes of and Alternatives to Medication for Behaviours That Challenge in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Direct Care Providers’ Perspectives

Limbu

Unwin

Weaver

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Behaviours that challenge (BtC), such as aggression and self-injury, are manifested by many people with intellectual disabilities (ID). National and international guidelines recommend non-pharmacological psychosocial intervention before considering medication to address BtC. Support staff play a pivotal role in the prescription process. Using coproduction, we developed a training programme for support staff, called SPECTROM, to give them knowledge and empower them to question inappropriate prescriptions and ask for the discontinuation of medication if appropriate and instead look for ways to help people with ID when they are distressed without relying on medication. We have presented data from two focus groups that we conducted during the development of SPECTROM: one that included support staff, and another that had service managers and trainers. In these focus groups, we explored participants’ views on the use of medication to address BtC with a particular emphasis on the causes of and alternatives to medication for BtC. Along with the participants’ views, we have also presented how we have addressed these issues in the SPECTROM resources.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Causes of and Alternatives to Medication for Behaviours That Challenge in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Direct Care Providers’ Perspectives

Limbu

Unwin

Weaver

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…BtC poses a significant management problem and is an obstacle to social integration, may lead to caregiver stress, community placement breakdown and hospitalization, and restrictive practices such as physical restraint and inappropriate medication use. BtC also impacts the quality of life (QoL) of individuals with ID/ASD and those who support and care for them (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support staff liaising effectively with family caregivers: Findings from a co-design event and recommendation for a staff training resource

Deb

Limbu

2022

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A high proportion of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are prescribed psychotropic medications such as antipsychotics, antidepressants etc., outside their licensed indications, primarily for the management of behaviors that challenge (BtC) in the absence of a psychiatric disorder. Examples of BtC are aggression to people and property or self-injury. BtC could be challenging to manage and may cause the person with ID/ASD and their caregivers distress, breakdown of community placement leading to hospitalization, and restrictive practices such as restraint or inappropriate medication use. Caregivers play a pivotal role in the prescribing process. However, many family caregivers feel that they have not been fully involved in the shared decision-making process about the care planning of their relatives with ID/ASD. To address the public health concern regarding the overuse of off-license prescribing in people with ID/ASD, we have recently developed a training programme called SPECTROM (https://spectrom.wixsite.com/project) (Short-term Psycho-Education for Carers To Reduce OverMedication of people with intellectual disabilities) for direct care staff who support people with ID/ASD within community settings. We used co-production and a modified Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) method to develop SPECTROM, which involved a literature review, four focus groups and a co-design event day involving 26 stakeholders. Recommendations from the co-design event day were analyzed by a Programme Development Group (PDG) consisting of 21 stakeholders who made the final recommendations to the project team regarding the contents and the format of SPECTROM, which was finalized after receiving feedback from further 59 stakeholders. SPECTROM has web-based resources introduced through two core modules in face-to-face workshops/training. A small field test found SPECTROM was effective in improving staff's knowledge of psychotropic medications and attitude toward BtC and people with ID (p < 0.05). One of the 14 STOMP modules is “Effective liaison with family carers and advocates”. In this paper, we have presented data from the co-design event day recommendations for this particular module. The group recommended ways to improve collaborative working and effective shared decision-making with family caregivers and people with ID/ASD.

show abstract

Psychopharmacology

Deb

2024

Autism and Child Psychopathology Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Problem Behaviour

Cited by 18 publications

References 118 publications

Causes of and Alternatives to Medication for Behaviours That Challenge in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Direct Care Providers’ Perspectives

Causes of and Alternatives to Medication for Behaviours That Challenge in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Direct Care Providers’ Perspectives

Support staff liaising effectively with family caregivers: Findings from a co-design event and recommendation for a staff training resource

Psychopharmacology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About