Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a parallel simulated annealing algorithm for generating aesthetically pleasing straight-fine drawings. The proposed algorithm calculates high quality 3D layouts of arbitrary undirected graphs. Due to the 3D layouts, structure information is presented to the human viewer at a glance. The computing time of the algorithm is reduced by a new parallel method for exploiting promising intermediate configurations. As the algorithm avoids running into a local minimum of the cost function, it is applicable for the animation of graphs of reasonably larger size than it was possible before. Subsequent to the discussion of the algorithm, empirical data for the performance of the algorithm and the quality of the generated layouts are presented.Keywords-" 3D graph layout, straight-line drawing, parallel simulated annealing
MotivationDuring the last few years the problem of generating aesthetically pleasing layouts of a given graph G = (V, E) has received an increasing amount of attention [BETT94]. After transforming an abstract graph description into an appealing drawing, a human viewer can, at a glance, derive additional information about the properties of G which are inherent in the abstract description. Due to the high complexity of the problem, which is Aft-hard and the small computational power of the desktop workstations of the past, current layout programs are mostly computing two dimensional straight-line drawings. Only a few authors [FR91,CELR94,FPS94] have considered the challenge of calculating 3D layouts. These kinds of drawings, however, are best suited to present inside information to human viewers. Modern workstations are equipped with fast graphic interfaces which allow the user to rotate a 3D representation without visible disturbance and to create