Problem solving environments in aerospace design

Keane, Andy J.; Nair, Prasanth B.

doi:10.1016/s0965-9978(00)00108-3

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Across a wide range of jobs, individuals need to engage in on-the-spot problem-solving behavior without the possibility of resorting to well-defined organizational practices and routines (e.g., Middleton, 2002) and without sufficient time and resources to make decisions about problem-solving measures by following rational models of problem solving (e.g., G. Klein, Orasanu, Calderwood, & Zsambok, 1993; Zsambok & Klein, 1997). In addition, problems increasingly involve the collaboration of multiple individuals from various backgrounds, thus leading to new job requirements; for instance, the integration of diverse pathways toward problem solving within a group comprising members from different backgrounds (e.g., Keane & Nair, 2001; C. Klein, DeRouin, & Salas, 2006, Reiter-Palmon & Illies, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of 21st Century Skills in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Complex and Collaborative Problem Solving

Neubert

Mainert

Kretzschmar

et al. 2015

Ind. Organ. Psychol.

121

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In this article, we highlight why and how industrial and organizational psychologists can take advantage of research on 21st century skills and their assessment. We present vital theoretical perspectives, a suitable framework for assessment, and exemplary instruments with a focus on advances in the assessment of human capital. Specifically, complex problem solving (CPS) and collaborative problem solving (ColPS) are two transversal skills (i.e., skills that span multiple domains) that are generally considered critical in the 21st century workplace. The assessment of these skills in education has linked fundamental research with practical applicability and has provided a useful template for workplace assessment. Both CPS and ColPS capture the interaction of individuals with problems that require the active acquisition and application of knowledge in individual or group settings. To ignite a discussion in industrial and organizational psychology, we discuss advances in the assessment of CPS and ColPS and propose ways to move beyond the current state of the art in assessing job-related skills.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of 21st Century Skills in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Complex and Collaborative Problem Solving

Neubert

Mainert

Kretzschmar

et al. 2015

Ind. Organ. Psychol.

121

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show abstract

“…New developments in AI have seen the gradual development of computing algorithms that can out-think grand-masters at the game of chess ('Deep Blue' [37]), analyse and create music [38], art [39], develop and self-learn construction rules ('Legobots' [37]), develop new car-body shapes, influence transportation systems [23] or design aircraft parts [41]. AI can be used to equip machines with independent decision-making capabilities based on pre-defined grammatical (rather than fixed rule) sets, obviating the need for the presence of humans.…”

Section: Ai-created Artefactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Of great apes and robots: Considering the future(s) of cultural heritage

Spennemann

2007

Futures

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“…This section provides the context for the MAUD architecture by reviewing the state of the art in computational frameworks, which are also known as problem-solving environments (Houstis and Rice 2000; Keane and Nair 2001;Marinescu and Boloni 2000). We categorize the existing frameworks as either flow-based frameworks (Section 2.1) or frameworks designed for the modular solution of PDEs (Section 2.2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Architecture for Coupling Heterogeneous Numerical Models and Computing Coupled Derivatives

Hwang

Martins

2018

ACM Trans. Math. Softw.

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One of the challenges in computational modeling is coupling models to solve multidisciplinary problems. Flow-based computational frameworks alleviate part of the challenge through a modular approach, where data flows from component to component. However, existing flow-based frameworks are inefficient when coupled derivatives are needed for optimization. To address this, we develop the modular analysis and unified derivatives (MAUD) architecture. MAUD formulates the multidisciplinary model as a nonlinear system of equations, which leads to a linear equation that unifies all methods for computing derivatives. This enables flow-based frameworks that use the MAUD architecture to provide a common interface for the chain rule, adjoint method, coupled adjoint method, and hybrid methods; MAUD automatically uses the appropriate method for the problem. A hierarchical, matrix-free approach enables modern solution techniques such as Newton-Krylov solvers to be used within this monolithic formulation without computational overhead. Two demonstration problems are solved using a Python implementation of MAUD: a nanosatellite optimization with more than 2 million unknowns and 25,000 design variables, and an aircraft optimization involving over 6,000 design variables and 23,000 constraints. MAUD is now implemented in the open source framework OpenMDAO, which has been used to solve aircraft, satellite, wind turbine, and turbofan engine design problems. CCS Concepts: • Software and its engineering → Object oriented frameworks; Software libraries and repositories; Object oriented development; • Theory of computation → Nonconvex optimization; • Mathematics of computing → Solvers;

show abstract

Problem solving environments in aerospace design

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

The Assessment of 21st Century Skills in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Complex and Collaborative Problem Solving

The Assessment of 21st Century Skills in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Complex and Collaborative Problem Solving

Of great apes and robots: Considering the future(s) of cultural heritage

A Computational Architecture for Coupling Heterogeneous Numerical Models and Computing Coupled Derivatives

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