Behavioral management of diabetes leads to better health outcomes. This paper reviews the available literature on facilitators of behavior change in people with diabetes and highlights approaches and strategies diabetes care providers can utilize. The research and clinical evidence points to the critical nature of considering the content and structure of recommendations, and utilizing problem solving and teamwork approaches. Furthermore, close attention to individual and community factors will optimize behavior change. These
Practice points• Consider the five characteristics of effective messaging for behavior change recommendations. They are clarity, personal meaningfulness, frequency of feedback, active guidance and support, and patient interpretation. Messages conveyed to people with diabetes (PWD) that consider these key characteristics will increase the chances of effective implementation of behavior change.• Also work to promote trust with PWD by facilitating discussions about the personal side of living with diabetes and barriers to change that may not be offered without direct questioning.• Consider teaching problem solving in all clinical encounters. Problem solving is a learned skill with documented benefits on behavioral management of diabetes and health outcomes. Teach a simple method of identifying problems, goal setting, brainstorming solutions and implementing and evaluating a solution.• Go beyond education and consider multiple components to behavior change recommendations. These include bringing in other caregivers and individuals from the community, and ensuring health literacy and numeracy have been considered and addressed.• Rarely provide a 'one-size-fits-all' recommendation, but instead offer a recommendation that considers the age, gender, ethnicity, community infrastructure and perceptions about diabetes in PWD.• Screen for psychological factors that may complicate PWD's ability to implement and sustain behavior change recommendations. These include consideration of disordered eating or eating disorder, depressive symptoms and diabetes distress, and worries and fears related to diabetes (immediate and long term).For reprint orders, please contact: reprints@futuremedicine.com