Plant diseases are responsible for major crop losses and postharvest spoilage; though losses are difficult to calculate, educated estimates suggest they are responsible for 20% to 40% of losses from plough to plate for major crops (Oerke, 2006;Savary et al., 2019). Hypothetically, with current estimated population growth, we could solve the challenge of feeding the world by 2050 were we able to control all disease (Collinge et al., 2010). Plant disease can be managed primarily by farmer skill, pesticides, disease resistance, and biological control, in roughly that order of importance. Disease resistance is effective when it works because no specific input is required by the grower after sowing or planting. However, despite major effort by plant pathologists and breeders over a century, no effective disease-resistant cultivars are available for many diseases, and, for many important diseases, the pathogen overcomes natural