Evaluation of the prescription of death is still one of the most difficult issues in forensic medical practice. The purpose of the review was to assess the potential of using miRNAs in diagnosing the prescription of death. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are 18 to 24 nucleotides long and are well preserved in eukaryotic cells. Their role is to regulate gene expression in biological processes during the post-transcriptional phase. MicroRNA has already proven its effectiveness in clinical medicine for the diagnosis of various diseases, and the possibility of its use in forensic medicine as a marker for assessing the prescription of death has opened up, due to its low molecular weight, tissue-specific expression and high resistance to factors of the external and internal environment. As a result of the analysis of scientific literatures, it was revealed that the internal characteristics of microRNA molecules and their high resistance to degradation make them suitable as biomarkers for assessing the duration of death, especially in the late postmortem period, however, further large-scale studies on cadaveric material are needed.