Problems of mass housing typology development for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine

Abstract

The article examines the problems of designing mass housing for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. One of these problems is the changes in regulatory documents in the field of construction and architecture, which were developed before the start of Russia's large-scale aggression and approved after its start, which significantly increase the estimated cost of new housing. As a result of the analysis of the experience of Ukraine’s reconstruction after World War II, it was found that mass housing construction and provision of housing to all who need it in conditions of limited resources are impossible without maximally reducing the cost of construction and operation of residential buildings. The need to suspend all recent changes in regulatory documents, which lead to a significant increase in the estimated cost of construction, is argued.
 It is noted that in the conditions of possible large-scale emergency or planned power outages, which make it impossible to mass-use such evacuation routes as smoke-free stairwells of types N2, N3, N4, the use of fire elevators for rescuing people, the use of fire-proof lobby of the 1st type for arrangement of fire-safe zones for people with reduced mobility (PRM), the safest place for placing apartments for PRM is the ground floor of a residential building.
 One of the promising options for mass housing is defined as sectional houses of medium storeys.
 Corridor residential buildings of medium storey are proposed as a promising type of housing for temporary accommodation of internally displaced persons. Planning solutions for fire safety zones on a typical floor for medium-rise residential buildings and multi-story residential buildings with a conventional height of up to 26.5 m have been developed.