Proca 
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 balls and their coupling to gravity

Brihaye, Yves; Delplace, Th.; Verbin, Yosef

doi:10.1103/physrevd.96.024057

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Thus, although there are similarities of our results to those in Ref. [23], we make arguments about the properties of the vector BSs from the different perspectives. In contrast to the case of the scalar BSs, in the case of the vector BSs a 0 has a single node before approaching 0.…”

Section: Boundary Conditionssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The solutions of nontopological solitions in the complex vector field theories with the nonlin-ear self-interaction potential in the flat and curved spacetimes have been presented in Refs. [23][24][25]. While the results presented in this paper have some overlap with those presented in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…While the results presented in this paper have some overlap with those presented in Ref. [23], we focus more on the role of the quartic order selfinteraction in the self-gravitating vector BS backgrounds, and derive the quantitative dependence of the physical properties of the BSs on λ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Throughout the paper we set c = = 1, and in these units the Planck mass M pl is given by M pl = 1/ √ G. Because of the different sign convention, λ in this paper corresponds to (−λ) in Refs. [23,25].…”

Section: A Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Ref. [23] focused on the importance of the coupling to gravity measured by the dimensionless parameter α := (κ 2 µ 2 )/λ[= 1/Λ] on the nontopological soliton backgrounds in the flat spacetime, we focus more on the role of the quartic order self-interaction of the vector field on the selfgravitating vector BS backgrounds, and derive the quantitative dependence of the physical properties of BSs on the coupling constant λ. Thus, although there are similarities of our results to those in Ref.…”

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector boson star solutions with a quartic order self-interaction

Minamitsuji

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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We investigate boson star (BS) solutions in the Einstein-Proca theory with the quartic order self-interaction of the vector field λ(A µĀ µ) 2 /4 and the mass term µĀ µ Aµ/2, where Aµ is the complex vector field and Aµ is the complex conjugate of Aµ, and λ and µ are the coupling constant and the mass of the vector field, respectively. The vector BSs are characterized by the two conserved quantities, the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) mass and the Noether charge associated with the global U (1) symmetry. We show that in comparison with the case without the self-interaction λ = 0, the maximal ADM mass and Noether charge increase for λ > 0 and decrease for λ < 0. We also show that there exists the critical central amplitude of the temporal component of the vector field above which there is no vector BS solution, and for λ > 0 it can be expressed by the simple analytic expression. For a sufficiently large positive coupling Λ := M 2 pl λ/(8πµ 2 ) ≫ 1, the maximal ADM mass and Noether charge of the vector BSs are obtained from the critical central amplitude and of O[ √ λM 3 pl /µ 2 ln(λM 2 pl /µ 2 )], which is different from that of the scalar BSs, O( λ φ M 3 pl /µ 2 φ ), where λ φ and µ φ are the coupling constant and the mass of the complex scalar field. PACS numbers: 04.40.-b Self-gravitating systems; continuous media and classical fields in curved spacetime, 04.50.Kd Modified theories of gravity.

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Section: Boundary Conditionssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: A Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector boson star solutions with a quartic order self-interaction

Minamitsuji

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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Proca Q-balls and Q-shells

Heeck

Rajaraman

Riley

et al. 2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Non-topological solitons such as Q-balls and Q-shells have been studied for scalar fields invariant under global and gauged U(1) symmetries. We generalize this frame-work to include a Proca mass for the gauge boson, which can arise either from spontaneous symmetry breaking or via the Stückelberg mechanism. A heavy (light) gauge boson leads to solitons reminiscent of the global (gauged) case, but for intermediate values these Proca solitons exhibit completely novel features such as disconnected regions of viable parameter space and Q-shells with unbounded radius. We provide numerical solutions and excellent analytic approximations for both Proca Q-balls and Q-shells. These allow us to not only demonstrate the novel features numerically, but also understand and predict their origin analytically.

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Asymptotically flat spinning scalar, Dirac and Proca stars

et al. 2019

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Einstein's gravity minimally coupled to free, massive, classical fundamental fields admits particle-like solutions. These are asymptotically flat, everywhere non-singular configurations that realise Wheeler's concept of a geon: a localised lump of self-gravitating energy whose existence is anchored on the nonlinearities of general relativity, trivialising in the flat spacetime limit. In [1] the key properties for the existence of these solutions (also referred to as stars or self-gravitating solitons) were discussed -which include a harmonic time dependence in the matter field -, and a comparative analysis of the stars arising in the Einstein-Klein-Gordon, Einstein-Dirac and Einstein-Proca models was performed, for the particular case of static, spherically symmetric spacetimes. In the present work we generalise this analysis for spinning solutions. In particular, the spinning Einstein-Dirac stars are reported here for the first time. Our analysis shows that the high degree of universality observed in the spherical case remains when angular momentum is allowed. Thus, as classical field theory solutions, these self-gravitating solitons are rather insensitive to the fundamental fermionic or bosonic nature of the corresponding field, displaying similar features. We describe some physical properties and, in particular, we observe that the angular momentum of the spinning stars satisfies the quantisation condition J = mN, for all models, where N is the particle number and m is an integer for the bosonic fields and a half-integer for the Dirac field. The way in which this quantisation condition arises, however, is more subtle for the non-zero spin fields.

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Proca Q balls and their coupling to gravity

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Vector boson star solutions with a quartic order self-interaction

Vector boson star solutions with a quartic order self-interaction

Proca Q-balls and Q-shells

Asymptotically flat spinning scalar, Dirac and Proca stars

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