Procedure for routine use in chromatographic analysis of automotive hydrocarbon emissions

Abstract

Procedures have been developed for routine analysis of automotive fuels and the unburned hydrocarbon of exhaust emissions. Specific attention is given to the hydrocarbon components that are photochemically reactive. Problems encountered in all phases of the analytical method are identified, and procedures that constitute a reasonable compromise between accuracy and practicality are defined. A packed and an open tubular column were used to separate the hydrocarbon content of exhaust and gasoline-vapor samples into 165 component groups; analysis time is 30 min. Raw chromatographic data are rapidly processed using a high-speed electronic integrator and a computer technique for automatic interpretation of chromatographic spectra.

Resolution of apparent underestimation in flame ionization detector hydrocarbon analysis

“…These also would not account for the variation seen, but the possibility remained that a combination of these effects might have been responsible. The gas chromatographic inlet temperature effects seen in ref 7 were not found in this work, although the temperatures were not as high as those indicated to be necessary.…”

Oxygenates in Exhaust from Simple Hydrocarbon Fuels

“…A more direct method for quantitative measurement of oxygenates was applied on occasion; namely, on those samples for which at least one hydrocarbon component, designated as the "reference" component, could be measured reliably by both the analytical method of this study and a routine method for exhaust hydrocarbon analysis. 6 In those cases, the concentration levels of the oxygenates were established relative to that of the reference hydrocarbon. From such data and from measurement of the "reference" hydrocarbon level in the raw exhaust by the routine method, it was possible to estimate absolute levels of oxygenates in raw exhaust.…”

Composition of organic constituents in breathable airborne particulate matter near a highway

“…The formation of oxidized, polymerized hydrocarbons and nitrogenous azaheterocyclic substances in particulate matter may be explained as follows: The presence of reactive organic substances in exhaust gases (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) and nitrogenous materials as alkyl amines (41), methyl nitrate and some nitrites (37), coupled with the pyrosynthetic action in the automobile engine (32,34,35), leads to the variety of the polymerized, oxidized hydrocarbons (1) and nitrogenous materials (Table II) found in particulate samples. Also, the role of lubricating oil and gasoline and lubricating oil additives should not be overlooked.…”