Procedures for the removal of field residues of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (EBDC) fungicide and ethylenethiourea (ETU) from tomatoes prior to processing into juice

Persistence and fate of ethylenethiourea in tomato sauce and paste

“…procedures are available for the removal of EBDC surface residues from tomatoes and green beans (Marshall and Jarvis, 1979; Marshall, 1982) prior to processing. However, if a suitable holding time for a potentially contaminated food could be defined, these preprocessing washes would not be necessary.…”

Dietary Pesticide Risk Assessment

“…Toxicology studies in rodents have indicated that ETU possesses carcinogenic, mutagenic, goiterogenic, and teratogenic properties, and the major potential health concerns of the EBDC fungicides are due to ETU formation (Lentza-Rizos 1990). As an indication of these concerns, specific procedures have been developed for the post-harvest removal of EBDC fungicides and ETU from tomatoes prior to processing into juice (Marshall and Jarvis 1979). Related concern has focused on the formation of the suspected carcinogen unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) following processing of apple products containing residues of daminozide (Alar®) into foods such as apple juice and applesauce.…”

Fourth Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Fungicide Maneb Using Sodium Molybdate

“…Hence, its residues can be found on the fodder, fruit and other crops where it is sprayed. Ethylenebisdi-thiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides like maneb have low human toxicity but their degradation to Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is of great toxicological concern [3][4][5] as it is associated with carcinogenic and teratogenic properties [6]. DTC complexes are toxic and have mutational effect [7].…”