1997
DOI: 10.2307/259332
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Process and Structure in Leader-Member Exchange

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Cited by 408 publications
(462 citation statements)
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“…For decades, numerous studies have demonstrated that leader-member exchange (LMX) is of great importance to organizations and employees (Graen and Uhl-Bien 1995;Sparrowe and Liden 1997). It not only contributes to organizational performance by enhancing individuals' job performance and extra-role performance, as well as reducing their deviant and withdraw behaviors (for review, see Dulebohn et al 2012;Gerstner and Day 1997), but also provides individual benefits, such as job satisfaction, career success, and emotional support (Gerstner and Day 1997).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For decades, numerous studies have demonstrated that leader-member exchange (LMX) is of great importance to organizations and employees (Graen and Uhl-Bien 1995;Sparrowe and Liden 1997). It not only contributes to organizational performance by enhancing individuals' job performance and extra-role performance, as well as reducing their deviant and withdraw behaviors (for review, see Dulebohn et al 2012;Gerstner and Day 1997), but also provides individual benefits, such as job satisfaction, career success, and emotional support (Gerstner and Day 1997).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The norm of reciprocity behind the varied sorts of individual-individual or organization relationships refers to exchange partners' motives and the immediacy and equivalency of exchanged resources (Wu et al, 2006). Second, the distinctions between economic and social exchanges did not demonstrate why social exchange leads to trust (Butler, 1991;McAllister, 1995), and the dimensions of actual exchange behavior that distinguish social exchange from economic exchange have not been specified in a way that facilitates empirical verification (Sparrowe and Liden, 1997). Therefore, this paper tries to explore the exchange relationship between leaders and subordinates based on the norm of reciprocity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Drawing on the ethnographic records on a broad range of cultures, Sahlins (1972) introduced a typology comprising three dimensions of reciprocity, for example, equivalence of returns, immediacy of returns and interest. Sparrowe and Liden (1997) constructed three types of reciprocity on the basis of different configurations of these three dimensions of Sahlins (1972), including generalized, balanced and negative reciprocities. Generalized reciprocity represents an indefinite reimbursement period, undefined equivalency of return, and low selfinterest.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The LMX is a unidimensional measure of leader-member exchange, or the quality of a member's relationship with their leader or a leader's relationship with their group member (Sparrowe & Liden, 1997). Items were re-worded to refer to supervisor or supervisee.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%