Process Engineering for High-Cell-Density Cultivation of Lipid Rich Microalgal Biomass of Chlorella sp. FC2 IITG

Real-time iTRAQ-based proteome profiling revealed the central metabolism involved in nitrogen starvation induced lipid accumulation in microalgae

“…A novel freshwater indigenous microalga FC2, isolated from a North-Eastern part of India28 was cultured under a photoautotrophic condition in a slightly modified BG11 medium91. Seed cultures (100 mL) were grown in Erlenmeyer flask and incubated at 28 °C, 150 rpm, light intensity 20 μE m −2 s −1 with a light: dark cycle of 16:8 h till absorbance ( A 690 ) of 1.0 was reached in an orbital incubator shaker (Multitron-Pro, Infors HT, Switzerland).…”

“…The biomass was determined as a measure of cell absorbance at 690 nm (A 690 ) with a UV-visible spectrophotometer (Cary 50, Varian, Australia) and were expressed in terms of dry cell weight (DCW) using the correlation equation for N-sufficient growth conditions and for N-deprived condition91. The utilization profile of the nitrogen source (urea) was obtained employing previously reported method91. Total carbohydrate in FC2 cells was estimated using phenol-sulphuric acid method proposed by Dubois et al 92.…”

Systematic metabolome profiling and multi-omics analysis of the nitrogen-limited non-model oleaginous algae for biorefining

“…Process engineering strategies employed in our previous study resulted in a maximum biomass titer of 17.7 g/L and total lipid accumulation of 313 mg/L.d, the highest reported to date among Chlorella sp. (Muthuraj et al, 2015). The lipid accumulation is higher than that reported for C. vulgaris grown in continuous nitrogen-limitation (Liu et al, 2016).…”

A low-cost and scalable process for harvesting microalgae using commercial-grade flocculant

“…The microalgal strain FC2 used in the present study was isolated from a freshwater lake of North-East India; moreover, it has been characterized extensively for biodiesel production. 22 The strain was cultivated in the optimized BG11 medium comprising (g L −1 ) 22 MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.124; CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O, 0.065; Na 2 CO 3 , 0.038; citric acid, 0.002; ferric ammonium citrate, 0.01; EDTA, 0.001; and an A5+Co solution (1 mL L −1 ) that consisted of H 3 BO 3 , 2.86; MnCl 2 ·H 2 O, 1.81; ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.222; CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, 0.079; Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O, 0.390; and Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, 0.049 supplemented with commercial grade urea, 1.8; muriate of potash, 0.23; and single superphosphate, 0.076. For the initial optimization and characterization experiments, biomass was generated via the cultivation of the strain in a 7.5 L automated bioreactor (New Brunswick TM Bioflo® 115, Eppendorf, Germany) with a working volume of 5 L. The evaluation of the effect of recycling post-harvested spent water on the growth of the FC2 cells was carried out in 500 mL bubble column mini reactors (Spectrochem Instruments Pvt.…”

“…To capture the difference between the cell surfaces before and after harvesting, a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) (Gemini 300, Carl Zeiss, Germany) was used. The microalgal cell sample used for analysis was dried using the protocol described by Muthuraj et al 22 FESEM images were observed at an acceleration voltage of 2 kV after gold coating (Evaporator, Bal-tec, Germany). The microalgal samples were then examined with a low-vacuum field emission scanning electron microscope (LV-FESEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy.…”