Process for degradation of nitrobenzene: Combining electron beam irradiation with biotransformation

Zhao, Jihe; Ward, Owen P.; Lubicki, P.; Cross, J.D.; Huck, Peter M.

doi:10.1002/bit.1063

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is speculated that the new compounds might be nitrophenolic compounds formed from both disproportionation and recombination of nitrohydroxycyclohexadienyl radical (Ph( . OH)NO 2 ) (Pozdnyakov et al 2000a;Zhao et al, 2001;Pozdnyakov et al, 2000b). Figure 6 compares the HPLC chromatogram of the solution after irradiation for 12 h with that before irradiation.…”

Section: Products Under Simulated Solar Photolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phototransformation of nitrobenzene in the Songhua River: Kinetics and photoproduct analysis

Wang

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Nitrobenzene (NB) pollution of the Songhua River caused by an explosion at a petrochemical plant in Jilin City, Jilin Province, China, attracted public concern over the fate of NB in the river. As one of the efforts to predict the fate of residual NB in the river, the kinetics and mechanism of phototransformation of NB in natural water from four sections of the Songhua River were investigated. It was found that photodegradation of NB in water proceeded via pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics under simulated solar irradiation conditions, and the rate constant (k) in the ultrapure water system was 0.0168 h −1 , which was approximately half of those in the natural river water systems (0.323-0.402 h −1 ). The relatively short half-life of NB in natural river water systems (17.2-21.5 h) indicates that photodegradation might have played an important role in the loss of NB flux in the river. Nitrate concentration and alkalinity were the two main factors affecting the photochemical fate of NB, suggesting that decomposition of NB mediated by . OH was predominant in water solution with high nitrate concentrations. Three isomeric nitrophenols, o-, m-, and p-nitrophenols, as well as phenol were detected as the main organic products in natural water under natural and simulated solar irradiations.

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Section: Products Under Simulated Solar Photolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phototransformation of nitrobenzene in the Songhua River: Kinetics and photoproduct analysis

Wang

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…Nitrobenzene, one of the fastest-growing end-use synthetic products of benzene, has been widely dispersed in water and soil, causing great environmental concern (5). Moreover, the strong electron-withdrawing property of the nitro-group of nitrobenzene resists to oxidation by conventional chemical oxidation, and mineralization of nitrobenzene by microorganisms is prevented owing to the toxic and the mutagenic effects on biological systems of nitrobenzene and its transformation metabolites, such as nitrosobenzene, hydroxylaminobenzene and aniline (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Relationship between Hydroxyl Radical Initiation and Surface Group of Ceramic Honeycomb Supported Metals for the Catalytic Ozonation of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Solution

Zhao

Sun

2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

221

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Comparative experiments have been performed to investigate the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene and the removal efficiency of TOC in aqueous solution bythe processes of ceramic honeycomb supported different metals (Fe, Ni, and Zn) catalytic ozonation, indicating that the modification with metals can enhance the activity of ceramic honeycomb for the catalytic ozonation of nitrobenzene, and the loading percentage of metal and the metallicity respectively presents a positive influence on the degradation of nitrobenzene. The degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene is determined by the initiation of hydroxyl radical (*OH) according to a good linear correlation in all the processes of modified ceramic honeycomb catalytic ozonation at the different loading percentages of metals. The modification of ceramic honeycomb with metals results in the conversion of the pH at the point of zero charge (pHpzc) and the evolution of surface groups. Divergence from the conventional phenomenon, the enhancement mechanism of ozone decomposition on the modified ceramic honeycomb with metals is proposed due to the basic attractive forces of electrostatic forces or/and hydrogen bonding. Consequently, a novel relationship between the initiation of *OH and the surface-OH2+ group on the modified catalyst is established based on the synergetic effect between homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction systems.

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“…In addition, nitrobenzene is a major environmental pollutant due to its carcinogenesis and mutagenesis , . The commercial uses of nitrobenzene are reduction to aniline, solvent, synthetic products of benzene , metal polishes, shoe-black, perfume, dye intermediates , , plastics, explosives, pharmaceuticals , pesticides , and a combustible propellant . The production of nitrobenzene in the United States was close to 0.75 billion kg for the year 1995 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Influence of Initial pH on the Degradation of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Solution by Ceramic Honeycomb Catalytic Ozonation

Zhao

Sun

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

104

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The influences of initial pH on the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution were investigated with a semicontinuous batch reactor in the processes of ozone alone, ozone/ceramic honeycomb, and adsorption of ceramic honeycomb. The results indicated that initial pH significantly affected the concentrations of offgas, residual ozone, and the utilization efficiency of ozone. The experiments also detected the generation of hydroxyl radicals (*OH), the removal of TOC, and the formation and evolution of byproduct at different initial pHs in the ceramic honeycomb catalytic ozonation process. It was found that the systems of different initial pHs exhibited the different extent of the conversion of pH, the leaching of effective components, and the establishment of pH at the point of zero charge (pH(PZC)) in the catalytic oxidation process. The experimental findings presented a good correlation between initial pH and terminal pH and the establishment of pHpzc with terminal pH, and indicated the relationship between the absolute value of the difference between terminal pH and terminal pH(PZC) (A) and the density of surface hydroxyl groups. Based on the correlation between the density of surface hydroxyl groups in the neutral state and A, possible mechanism of influence of initial pH on the degradation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution by ceramic honeycomb catalytic ozonation was proposed, suggesting that the conversion of initial pH determines the establishment of pHpzc, and the synergistic effect of pH terminal and pHpzc terminal affects the density of surface hydroxyl groups in the neutral state, which controls the concentration of *OH, determining the degradation of nitrobenzene and the formation of byproduct.

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Process for degradation of nitrobenzene: Combining electron beam irradiation with biotransformation

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Phototransformation of nitrobenzene in the Songhua River: Kinetics and photoproduct analysis

Phototransformation of nitrobenzene in the Songhua River: Kinetics and photoproduct analysis

Novel Relationship between Hydroxyl Radical Initiation and Surface Group of Ceramic Honeycomb Supported Metals for the Catalytic Ozonation of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Solution

Mechanism of Influence of Initial pH on the Degradation of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Solution by Ceramic Honeycomb Catalytic Ozonation

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