Process integration of chemical looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling in a coal-fired power plant

Spinelli, Maurizio; Peltola, Petteri; Bischi, Aldo; Ritvanen, Jouni; Hyppänen, Timo; Romano, Matteo Carmelo

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.167

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both in iG-CLC and CLOU, the net electrical efficiency, including CO compression and oxygen production for the oxygen polishing step when required, has been calculated to be 35-36 % for super critical steam cycle [191,308] and 41-42 % considering ultrasuper critical plants [309][310][311][312][313]. Recently, the net electric efficiency of a power plant based on CLOU has been estimated in the 46-48 % interval for coal, lignite and sawdust, while the CO 2 capture rate was above 99 % [314].…”

Section: Net Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical looping combustion of solid fuels

Adánez

Abad

Mendiara

et al. 2018

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

487

321

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) has arisen during last years as a very promising combustion technology for power plants and industrial applications, with inherent CO 2 capture which avoids the energy penalty imposed on other competing technologies. The use of solid fuels in CLC has been highly developed in the last decade and currently stands at a technical readiness level (TRL) of 6. In this paper, experience gained during CLC operation in continuous units is reviewed and appraised, focusing mainly on technical and environmental issues relating to the use of solid fuels. Up to now, more than 2700 hours of operational experience has been reported in 19 pilot plants ranging from 0.5 kW th to 4 MW th. When designing a CLC unit, the preferred configuration for the scale-up of CLC of solid fuels is a two circulating fluidized beds (CFB) system. Coal has been the most commonly used solid fuel in CLC, but biomass has recently emerged as a very promising option to achieve negative emissions using bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). Mostly low cost iron and manganese materials have been used as oxygen carriers in the so called in-situ gasification CLC (iG-CLC). The development of Chemical Looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) makes a qualitative step forward in the solid fuel combustion, due to the use of materials able to release oxygen. The performance and environmental issues of CLC of solid fuels is evaluated here. Regarding environmental aspects, the pollutant emissions (SO 2 , NO x , etc.) released into the atmosphere from the air reactor are no cause of concern for the environment. However, the presence of SO 2 , NO x and Hg at the exit of the fuel reactor affects CO 2 quality, which must be taken into account during the later compression and purification stages. The effect of the main variables affecting CLC performance is evaluated for fuel conversion, CO 2 capture rate, and combustion efficiency obtained in different CLC 3 units. Solid fuel conversion is normally not complete during operation, due to the undesired loss of char. A methodology is presented to extrapolate the current information to what could be expected in a larger CLC system. CO 2 capture near 100% has been reported using a highly efficient carbon stripper, highly reactive fuels (such as lignites and biomass, etc.) or by the CLOU process. Operational experience in iG-CLC has showed that it is not possible to reach complete fuel combustion, making an additional oxygen polishing step necessary. For the further scale-up, it is essential to reduce the unburnt compounds at the fuel reactor outlet. Proposals to achieve this reduction already exist and include both improvement to the gas-oxygen carrier contact, or new design concepts based on the current scheme for iG-CLC. In addition, CLOU based on copper materials has shown that complete fuel combustion could be achieved. Main challenges for the future development and scale-up of CLC technology have been also identified. A breakthrough in the future development of CLC technology for ...

show abstract

Section: Net Energy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical looping combustion of solid fuels

Adánez

Abad

Mendiara

et al. 2018

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

487

321

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the amount of solids to be handled in the CaLC process would be, on average, 2.4 times lower compared to the system based on chemical looping combustion, implying lower power requirements for solid handling. This is because the average mass flow rate ratios of solids circulated between the reactors and the steam entering the HP turbine in the CaLC process proposed in this study and the CFPP based on chemical looping combustion analysed by Spinelli et al [54] are 3.7 and 8.7, respectively † . Furthermore, the CaLC process with CCU would impose a small net efficiency penalty of 2.4% points, which is similar to the net efficiency penalty reported for the CaL with an indirectly-heated calciner in the retrofit scenario without CCU [26].…”

Section: Parametric Studymentioning

confidence: 76%

“…As a result (Table 4), the net thermal efficiency of the CaLC process (without CCU) increased from 38.1% HHV to 38.7% HHV , resulting in 0.7% HHV point net efficiency gain compared to the conventional CFPP, while the specific CO 2 emission target of 100 g/kW el h is met. Such performance is superior to the CFPP based on chemical looping combustion, which was reported to yield no net efficiency penalty [54]. In addition, the amount of solids to be handled in the CaLC process would be, on average, 2.4 times lower compared to the system based on chemical looping combustion, implying lower power requirements for solid handling.…”

Section: Parametric Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Calcium looping combustion for high-efficiency low-emission power generation

Hanak

2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-temperature solid looping technologies, such as calcium looping and chemical looping combustion are regarded as emerging CO 2 capture technologies with potential to reduce the net efficiency penalties associated with CO 2 separation. Importantly, high-temperature operation of these technologies allows utilisation of the high-grade heat for power generation. Building on these emerging technologies, this study intended to establish a new class of high-temperature solid looping combustion technologies for high-efficiency low-emission power generation called calcium looping combustion. Such combustion technology comprises a combustor, as a primary source of heat for indirect heating in a calciner, and a carbonator where CO 2 is separated from flue gas leaving the combustor; hence high-grade heat, which can be used for power generation, and a concentrated CO 2 stream, which can be either utilised or permanently stored, are generated. The techno-economic performance of calcium looping combustion was comparable to a conventional coal-fired power plant. Depending on whether the concentrated CO 2 stream is utilised elsewhere or permanently stored, calcium looping combustion was characterised with a net efficiency gain of 0.7% HHV points or a net efficiency penalty of 2.4% HHV , respectively. Additionally, the cost of CO 2 avoided for calcium looping combustion was estimated to be 10.0 €/tCO 2 and 33.9 €/tCO 2 , respectively. Therefore, similarly to chemical looping combustion, calcium looping combustion introduced in this study is a viable high-efficiency low-emission power generation technology that produces a concentrated CO 2 stream with no efficiency penalty associated with CO 2 separation.

show abstract

“…They also demonstrated that it was possible to achieve CO 2 yields of above 99 % with ilmenite at 950 °C [26]. Moldenhauer et al [24] also suggested that although fuel conversion at the lowest temperatures (650-700 °C) was still relatively high, the CLOU properties, where the oxygen carriers can release their oxygen can be neglected at such temperatures [28]. CLOU requires temperatures of >800 °C for CuO to reduce to Cu 2 O, >700 °C for Mn 2 O 3 to reduce to Mn 3 O 4 and >750 °C for Co 3 O 4 to reduce CoO [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective low temperature chemical looping combustion of higher alkanes with Cu- and Mn- oxides

Güleç

Meredith

Snape

2019

Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) of n-hexadecane and n-heptane with copper and manganese oxides (CuO and Mn 2 O 3 ) has been investigated in a fixed bed reactor to reveal the extent to which low temperature CLC can potentially be applicable to hydrocarbons. The effects of fuel to oxygen carrier ratio, fuel feed flow rate, and fuel residence time on the extent of combustion are reported.Methane did not combust, while near complete conversion was achieved for both n-hexadecane and n-heptane with excess oxygen carrier for CuO. For Mn 2 O 3 , complete reduction to Mn 3 O 4 occurred, but the extent of combustion was controlled by the much slower reduction to MnO. Although the extent of cracking is relatively small in the absence of cracking catalysts, for the mechanism to be selective for higher hydrocarbons suggests that the reaction with oxygen involves radicals or carbocations arising from bond scission. Sintering of pure CuO occurred after repeated cycles, but this can easily be avoided using a support, such as alumina. The fact that higher hydrocarbons can be combusted selectively at 500 °C and below, offers the possibility of using CLC to remove these hydrocarbons and potentially other organics from hot gas streams.

show abstract

Process integration of chemical looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling in a coal-fired power plant

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Chemical looping combustion of solid fuels

Chemical looping combustion of solid fuels

Calcium looping combustion for high-efficiency low-emission power generation

Selective low temperature chemical looping combustion of higher alkanes with Cu- and Mn- oxides

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About