Process, mechanism and impacts of scale formation in alkaline flooding by a variable porosity and permeability model

Zhang, Zhen; Li, Jiachun

doi:10.1007/s10409-015-0554-y

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Solid-free nanoemulsions can be formulated using surfactants, polymers and alkali; however, the presence of big polymeric molecules might plug the reservoir pores/capillaries, resulting in low permeability formations [ 32 , 33 ]. Additionally, the presence of alkali might lead to scale formation and potentially irreversible damages to the reservoir when alkalis are combined with polymers [ 34 ]. Accordingly, the ability to formulate nanoemulsions with attractive characteristics and favorable rheological properties using merely surfactants (particularly, using a single surfactant that is commercially available and relatively cheap such as SDBS, for instance) is very attractive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and pH-Responsiveness of SDBS–Stabilized Crude Oil/Water Nanoemulsions

Onaizi

2022

Nanomaterials

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Nanoemulsions are colloidal systems with a wide spectrum of applications in several industrial fields. In this study, crude oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions were formulated using different dosages of the anionic sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) surfactant. The formulated nanoemulsions were characterized in terms of emulsion droplet size, zeta potential, and interfacial tension (IFT). Additionally, the rheological behavior, long-term stability, and on-demand breakdown of the nanoemulsions via a pH-responsive mechanism were evaluated. The obtained results revealed the formation of as low as 63.5 nm average droplet size with a narrow distribution (33–142 nm). Additionally, highly negative zeta potential (i.e., −62.2 mV) and reasonably low IFT (0.45 mN/m) were obtained at 4% SDBS. The flow-ability of the nanoemulsions was also investigated and the obtained results revealed an increase in the nanoemulsion viscosity with increasing the emulsifier content. Nonetheless, even at the highest SDBS dosage of 4%, the nanoemulsion viscosity at ambient conditions never exceeded 2.5 mPa·s. A significant reduction in viscosity was obtained with increasing the nanoemulsion temperature. The formulated nanoemulsions displayed extreme stability with no demulsification signs irrespective of the emulsifier dosage even after one-month shelf-life. Another interesting and, yet, surprising observation reported herein is the pH-induced demulsification despite SDBS not possessing a pH-responsive character. This behavior enabled the on-demand breakdown of the nanoemulsions by simply altering their pH via the addition of HCl or NaOH; a complete and quick oil separation can be achieved using this simple and cheap demulsification method. The obtained results reveal the potential utilization of the formulated nanoemulsions in oilfield-related applications such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR), well stimulation and remediation, well-bore cleaning, and formation fracturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and pH-Responsiveness of SDBS–Stabilized Crude Oil/Water Nanoemulsions

Onaizi

2022

Nanomaterials

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“…The polymer will plug the medium and lead to low‐permeability formation due to polymer molecules not matching the oil layers in polymer flooding . Scale will be formed and pollute the oil layer due to the addition of alkali in ASP flooding . Most of these pollutants and damages to oil reservoirs are irreversible, which seriously affects the later development of oil fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Scale will be formed and pollute the oil layer due to the addition of alkali in ASP flooding. 7,8 Most of these pollutants and damages to oil reservoirs are irreversible, which seriously affects the later development of oil fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of emulsion and its field application for enhanced oil recovery

Yazhou

Yin

Chen

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

121

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Emulsification plays an important role in enhancing oil recovery. Experiments and field applications of alkali/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding indicated that the amount of oil recovery in liquids with emulsions is 5% higher than that in liquids with no emulsions. Therefore, it is of great significance to study emulsion and its field application for enhanced oil recovery. This paper discusses the current status of emulsion for enhanced oil recovery, including the formation mechanism of emulsions in chemical flooding, rheological properties, stability, seepage characteristics, emulsion improving sweep volume, and displacement efficiency, along with future development plans of emulsion for enhanced oil recovery, especially surfactants for chemical flooding. In addition, the Pickering emulsion for application in enhanced oil recovery is also discussed. The development effects of emulsion flooding have been discussed for the Midway‐Sunset Oilfield, the emulsification characteristics of ASP flooding have been analyzed in Xing‐V and Xing‐II of the Daqing Oilfield, and the experiences regarding emulsion for enhanced oil recovery have been summarized. The key research directions of emulsion for enhanced oil recovery are indicated.

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A thermodynamic framework for thermo-chemo-elastic interactions in chemically active materials

Zhang

Zhong

2017

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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Process, mechanism and impacts of scale formation in alkaline flooding by a variable porosity and permeability model

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Characteristics and pH-Responsiveness of SDBS–Stabilized Crude Oil/Water Nanoemulsions

Characteristics and pH-Responsiveness of SDBS–Stabilized Crude Oil/Water Nanoemulsions

A comprehensive review of emulsion and its field application for enhanced oil recovery

A thermodynamic framework for thermo-chemo-elastic interactions in chemically active materials

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