Process optimization of preparing spherical titania colloids with uniform distribution using artificial neural networks

Solvothermal synthesis of micron-sized spherical particles in TiO2–ZrO2 binary system

“…Recently, metal oxide spheres with homogeneous size and shape are required for many practical applications [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The sol-gel process is known as one of the typical methods for synthesizing metal oxide spheres, and many reports have been made on alkoxide-derived TiO 2 and ZrO 2 spheres.…”

Titania Nanorods Embedded with 2-Bromo-3-(methylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

“…Till today, various attempts have been made to advance TiO 2 transport ability to increase DSSC solar energy conversion efficiencies . TiO 2 semiconductors with different morphologies of nanorods, nanotubes, spherical, and squares have been synthesized by various sol–gel and hydrothermal approaches. − This hydrothermal approach led to simple operation conditions to produce TiO 2 with different shapes and controlled surface area with porosity. This assists in modification of the surface area, crystal size, and band-gap energy of the TiO 2 semiconductor to improve DSSC efficiency .…”

Artificial Neural Networks: Applications in Nanotechnology

“…The overall resisting force in the study was found to be a continuum response. Optimal variables for preparation of sol-gel prepared colloids of titania were determined using ANNs in a report by Liau et al (Liau and Dai, 2008). In this work, the inputs are concentration of [NH 3 ], [H 2 O], and reaction temperature; while the outputs are the titania particle size (PS) and particle size distribution (PSD).…”