Process parameters in mineral separation by HGMS: Purification of bauxite

Bolsaitis, P.; Chang, V.

doi:10.1109/tmag.1981.1061627

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The previous research on processes to either remove or recover the iron from the bauxite ore prior to the Bayer process can be categorized into the following four groups: (1) magnetic separation, (2) selective leaching, (3) reduction plus magnetic separation and (4) gas-solid reactions such as chlorination. In the magnetic separation processes, the iron oxides are magnetically separated from the bauxite ore prior to the Bayer Process [1,2]. In the selective leaching processes, the hematite in the bauxite ore is leached using acids [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbothermal Reductive Upgrading of a Bauxite Ore Using Microwave Radiation

Pickles

Kelebek

2012

High Temperature Materials and Processes

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The utilization of microwave radiation as the energy source for the carbothermal reductive upgrading of a bauxite ore was investigated. The bauxite ore was mechanically mixed with carbon and reacted in a quartz crucible in a multimode cavity. The iron oxide in the bauxite ore was reduced to magnetite and/or iron and the magnetic fraction was separated using a Davis Tube Tester. Three experimental arrangements were utilized: (i) microwaving of the mixture, (ii) microwaving of the mixture plus charcoal layers under ambient conditions and (iii) microwaving of the mixture plus charcoal layers in argon. The utilization of the charcoal layers resulted in more uniform heating of the sample. The effects of irradiation time, sample mass and incident power on the mass of the magnetic fraction were determined. Both the iron and the aluminum contents of the magnetic fraction were measured and using these values, the iron removal from the bauxite ore and the alumina recovery in the non-magnetic fraction were calculated. It was shown that under mildly reducing conditions, almost half of the iron could be removed as magnetite. However, the formation of hercynite limited the iron separation as magnetite and higher iron removals could only be achieved through the formation of metallic iron under more highly reducing conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbothermal Reductive Upgrading of a Bauxite Ore Using Microwave Radiation

Pickles

Kelebek

2012

High Temperature Materials and Processes

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“…More than 1.5 billion tons reserve in China . In order to utilize high‐alumina iron ore synthetically, lots of processes have been researched, and some have been put forward successively, such as high intensity magnetic separation to remove hematite, the process of agglomeration—blast furnace smelting—leaching of alumina, leaching of the iron oxide, leaching of the alumina, gas solid reaction followed by leaching . Up to now, these processes could not be applied to industrial application because of the high cost of production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Modeling and Optimization of Preparation of High‐Alumina Iron Ore–Coal Composite Hot Briquette

Liu

Chu

Wang

et al. 2015

steel research int.

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The effect of three major influence process parameters, carbon addition ratio, ore particle size, and coal particle size on the compressive strength of high-alumina iron ore-coal composite hot briquette (Al-CCB) with the application of response surface methodology is investigated in this paper. The results show that, with using multiple regression analysis, the experimental data can be fitted into a quadratic polynomial model. Based on the coefficient of determination (R 2 ¼ 0.9883) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the model shows good agreement with the experimental data. The effect on the compressive strength of Al-CCB from big to small is carbon addition ratio, ore particle size, and coal particle size. In order to obtain the Al-CCB with 600 N of compressive strength, the optimal experiment conditions are found to be the coal addition ratio of 16.44%, ore particle size of À100 mesh and coal particle size of À100 mesh, resulting in an actual compressive strength of 613 N, as compared to the model prediction of 600 N. This paper can provide guidance for the optimization on preparation of Al-CCB. Also, it can offer reference for the process improvement of other ore-coal composite agglomerates.

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“…Since then, a great deal of attention has been placed on this separation process because of its particular ability to retain and segregate particles of relatively weak magnetism and microscopic size. For example, HGMS has other proven applications in the beneficiation of minerals such as coal, ,− tin, , bauxite, and rare metal ores. , It also has proven applications in waste reclamation and recycling and in the ultrapurification of chemical refractories and powders. − Other applications of HGMS include environmental remediation and nuclear waste treatment, ,− particularly as a downstream collector of magnetically seeded nonmagnetic particles and ionic species. ,,,− An excellent example of this kind of HGMS technology is the SIROFLOC process . The versatility of HGMS has also allowed for its expansion into phase separations, ,− as well as into more novel uses such as the separation and segregation of biomolecules and cells by using bio-labeled magnetic carriers, − a growing area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrating Dilute Sludge Wastes with High-Gradient Magnetic Separation: Breakthrough Experiments and Performance

Ebner

Ritter

2002

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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High-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) was successfully investigated for the concentration of dilute sludge wastes using a 0.3-T bench-scale system. Breakthrough curves for four different sludges containing a blend of paramagnetic metal hydroxides and oxides were measured at different feed velocities (0.0367-0.2754 cm s -1 ) and suspended insoluble solids feed concentrations (2.5-10.5 g L -1 ). With the aid of a dynamic model fitted to each of the breakthrough curves, the best bed utilizations of the HGMS unit and the highest enrichments of the feed were, respectively, on the order of 77% and 14 for the runs with lower feed velocities and concentrations. These results also corresponded to the HGMS unit producing on the order of 20 bed volumes of effluent free of suspended insoluble solids prior to breakthrough. Overall, the performance of the HGMS unit for this type of process was considered to be quite good, given the broad range of particle sizes, magnetic susceptibilities, and molecular species in each sludge waste. These results suggest that HGMS can be used as an effective and alternative treatment method for the concentration of a variety of dilute waste streams containing suspended solids of a diverse nature.

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Process parameters in mineral separation by HGMS: Purification of bauxite

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Carbothermal Reductive Upgrading of a Bauxite Ore Using Microwave Radiation

Carbothermal Reductive Upgrading of a Bauxite Ore Using Microwave Radiation

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Modeling and Optimization of Preparation of High‐Alumina Iron Ore–Coal Composite Hot Briquette

Concentrating Dilute Sludge Wastes with High-Gradient Magnetic Separation: Breakthrough Experiments and Performance

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