Process sampling module coupled with purge and trap–GC–FID for in situ auto-monitoring of volatile organic compounds in wastewater

Liu, Hsin-Wang; Liu, Yung-Tsun; Wu, Bei-Zen; Nian, Hung-Chi; Chen, Hsing‐Jung; Chiu, Kong‐Hwa; Lo, Jiunn-Guang

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2009.08.011

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The result showed that CLSA was a good tool for analysis of GSM and 2-MIB at a low level [17]. Some other methods such as purge and trap (P&T) coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry [18, 19] or to GC-FID [20], liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) [21], stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [22–24], and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [25] can also be taken to detect the earthy and musty odors in water at nanogram-per-liter level. Although these techniques greatly improve the limits and sensitivity of detection, some shortcomings restrict extensive usage of these methods, including unsuitable for the analysis of low-boiling-point odors and time-consuming (SPE, SBSE) [26, 27], lacking stability of droplet during extraction (LLME), and the sodium chloride, could be spurge onto the upside of purge tube and subsequently the sodium chloride was dragged in tubes and valves, causing abrasion by using P&T [10, 18, 28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Five Earthy-Musty Odorants in Environmental Water by HS-SPME/GC-MS

Zhang

Peng

Xia³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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The pressing issue of earthy and musty odor compounds in natural waters, which can affect the organoleptic properties of drinking water, makes it a public health concern. A simple and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of five odorants in environmental water was developed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), including geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), as well as dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), β-cyclocitral, and β-ionone. Based on the simple modification of original magnetic stirrer purchased from CORNING (USA), the five target compounds can be separated within 23 min, and the calibration curves show good linearity with a correlation coefficient above 0.999 (levels = 5). The limits of detection (LOD) are all below 1.3 ng L−1, and the relative standard deviation (%RSD) is between 4.4% and 9.9% (n = 7) and recoveries of the analytes from water samples are between 86.2% and 112.3%. In addition, the storage time experiment indicated that the concentrations did not change significantly for GSM and 2-MIB if they were stored in canonical environment. In conclusion, the method in this study could be applied for monitoring these five odorants in natural waters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Five Earthy-Musty Odorants in Environmental Water by HS-SPME/GC-MS

Zhang

Peng

Xia³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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“…However, it is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Some other methods, such as purge and trap coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry [12, 13] or to GC-FID [14], liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) [15], stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) [16–18], and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [19], can also be taken to detect the VOCs in water at ng L −1 levels. Although these techniques greatly improve the limits and sensitivity of detection, some shortcomings such as being unsuitable for the analysis of low-boiling-point odors and time-consuming (SPE, SBSE) [20, 21] and lacking the stability of droplet during extraction (LPME) restrict the extensive use of these methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonal Design Study on Factors Affecting the Determination of Common Odors in Water Samples by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to GC/MS

Peng

Zhang

Xia

et al. 2013

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Geosmin and 2-MIB are responsible for the majority of earthy and musty events related to the drinking water. These two odorants have extremely low odor threshold concentrations at ng L−1 level in the water, so a simple and sensitive method for the analysis of such trace levels was developed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In this study, the orthogonal experiment design L32 (49) was applied to arrange and optimize experimental conditions. The optimum was the following: temperatures of extraction and desorption, 65°C and 260°C, respectively; times of extraction and desorption, 30 min and 5 min, respectively; ionic strength, 25% (w/v); rotate-speed, 600 rpm; solution pH, 5.0. Under the optimized conditions, limits of detection (S/N = 3) were 0.04 and 0.13 ng L−1 for geosmin and 2-MIB, respectively. Calculated calibration curves gave high levels of linearity with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9999 for them. Finally, the proposed method was applied to water samples, which were previously analyzed and confirmed to be free of target analytes. Besides, the proposal method was applied to test environmental water samples. The RSDs were 2.75%~3.80% and 4.35%~7.6% for geosmin and 2-MIB, respectively, and the recoveries were 91%~107% and 91%~104% for geosmin and 2-MIB, respectively.

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“…The purge and trap (PT) technique has been developed for the separation and pre-concentration of a variety of organic volatiles from different matrices. [5,6] It was reported that PT technique was used for determination the migration of VCM in poly (vinyl chloride) [7] and other PVC matrices with trace concentrations. The determination of VCM in wastewater using PT technique was rarely reported especially for fast and direct determination of high concentration VCM in wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Vinyl Chloride Monomer in Wastewater Using Purge and Trap Gas-Chromatograph Method

Sun

Shang²

2013

AMR

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The analytical conditions of a purge and trap (PT) instrument have been optimized for determination of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in wastewater. The optimal purging pressure to purge VCM from wastewater was 10 kPa for a constant time of 10 minute at 30 °C purging temperature. The detection limit of VCM in wastewater is 0.5 μg/L. The reproducibility of replicate samples lies within 6.5%. The prominent feature of this method is the cheap cost of VCM standards and samples preparation. The fast and convenient system has been successfully employed for the determination of VCM in wastewater with good resolution and high recoveries.

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Process sampling module coupled with purge and trap–GC–FID for in situ auto-monitoring of volatile organic compounds in wastewater

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Analysis of Five Earthy-Musty Odorants in Environmental Water by HS-SPME/GC-MS

Analysis of Five Earthy-Musty Odorants in Environmental Water by HS-SPME/GC-MS

Orthogonal Design Study on Factors Affecting the Determination of Common Odors in Water Samples by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to GC/MS

Determination of Vinyl Chloride Monomer in Wastewater Using Purge and Trap Gas-Chromatograph Method

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