Process simulation of the fluidized‐bed copper oxide process sulfation reaction

Probabilistic Evaluation of Advanced SO2/NOx Control Technology

“…The available copper-to-sulfur (Cu/S) molar ratio required to achieve a specified SO2 reduction requirement is estimated based on a first-order sulfation reaction kinetics model developed by PETC. 11 This model assumes ideal flow in a plug flow reactor and may be written as:…”

Modeling of integrated environmental control systems for coal-fired power plants

“…The revised model for the copper oxide process determines the copper-to-sulfur ratio using a sulfation reaction algorithm developed by PETC (14) instead of an equation based on the regression analysis of experimental data. The new algorithm accounts for available copper oxide initially resident in the fluidized bed, the molar ratio of sulfur oxides to inlet available copper and incomplete regeneration of the sorbent.…”

“…The available Cu/S molar ratio, 1/r, required to achieve a specified SO 2 reduction requirement is estimated based on a first-order sulfation reaction kinetics model developed by PETC (14). The fractional partial pressure of SO 2 exiting the absorber can be estimated by…”

“…PETC report three values of the frequency factor as a function of the sorbent copper loading in terms of the percent copper in fresh sorbent (14). An equation for the frequency factor was developed using regression analysis.…”

“…Figure 3-2 shows model predictions for the copper-to-sulfur molar ratio based on experimental data by PETC (14). The model is a function of eight variables, each of that is subject to measurement error.…”