Process Variables and Properties of Underwater Wet Shielded Metal Arc Laboratory Welds

Weldability of high strength steel in underwater environment

“…Welding with coated electrodes in wet welding conditions generates an amount of diffusible hydrogen in the weld metal in the range of several tens of millilitres per 100 g Fe depending on the type of electrode coating and welding conditions [12,15]. Tests performed using the most common in such conditions, rutile coated electrodes, have shown that the hydrogen content in the weld metal does not depend on the amount of moisture in the coating or the presence of a protective layer, whereas the decisive factor is the amount of heat input ( Figure 3) [15,16].…”

Weldability of high strength steels in wet welding conditions

“…The cracks appear even in joints made of steel of a low carbon equivalent Ce ≤ 0.3 %. In the HAZ of such steel joints the increase of hardness up to the level of 350 ÷ 400 HV, as well as many hydrogen microcracks were observed [13,14]. In Fig.…”

“…Manual metal arc welding in wet conditions generates the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal, of the order of a few dozen ml/100g Fe, depending on a type of shielding and welding conditions [14,15]. The tests [15,16] performed with the use of rutile-shielded electrodes, the most often applied in such conditions, showed that hydrogen content in deposited metal did not depend on a wetting degree of the shielding, but heat input was the decisive factor ( Fig.…”

“…Among wet welding methods, the manual metal arc welding is most often used, hence majority of steel weldability test results accessible in the subject-matter literature concern the above mentioned process [4][5][6][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

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ABSTRACTAmong wet welding methods, the manual metal arc welding is most often used, hence majority of steel weldability test results accessible in the subject-matter literature concern the above mentioned process [4][5][6][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].Transferring the welding process to water environment results first of all in increasing diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal, as well as in increased cooling rate. Manual metal arc welding in wet conditions generates the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal, of the order of a few dozen ml/100g Fe, depending on a type of shielding and welding conditions [14,15].

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