2022
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416410
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Processed Food: Nutrition, Safety, and Public Health

Abstract: Food processing comprises the activities involved during the transformation of raw materials from different origins (vegetable, animal) until a final product is achieved that is suitable for human consumption [...]

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Cited by 14 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Overall, items such as fast-food snacks and culinary preparations based on processed and ultra-processed foods are considered markers of unhealthy eating, as they are options with high caloric density and low nutrient content, in general, with high amounts of sodium, saturated fats, trans fatty acids, and sugars, which are related to an increased risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes [7,14,15]. These diseases raise great concern for public health worldwide considering their combination of environmental and behavioral factors, in addition to the physiological and genetic aspects [16].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Overall, items such as fast-food snacks and culinary preparations based on processed and ultra-processed foods are considered markers of unhealthy eating, as they are options with high caloric density and low nutrient content, in general, with high amounts of sodium, saturated fats, trans fatty acids, and sugars, which are related to an increased risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes [7,14,15]. These diseases raise great concern for public health worldwide considering their combination of environmental and behavioral factors, in addition to the physiological and genetic aspects [16].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, it is well established that UPFs are frequently energy-dense foods, usually nutrient-depleted, and positively correlated with an increased intake of free sugars, sodium, total fat, and saturated fat [ 79 , 80 ]. Nevertheless, food processing has played a crucial role in society’s evolution by increasing the diversity of food products and ensuring food safety through extended shelf life and the control of health risk factors from foodborne diseases—a persistent global public health challenge [ 81 ]. Even so, the role of UPF consumption in the increased prevalence of NCDs, with a special contribution to the global obesity pandemic and increased risk of all-cause mortality is currently fully recognized [ 30 , 82 , 83 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent years, with the lengthening and diversification of the food chain, refined foods rich in fats are easily accessible due to the increase of industrial processing and transport over long distances (1). This has led to a shift in the way of local and seasonal foods, especially fiber-rich plant foods, as well as an increase in energy-dense processed foods high in refined starches, sugars, saturated fats, and salt (1,2). High-income countries have moved towards such energy-dense and animal-based food consumption patterns resulting from an intensification of food production.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%