Processes of Personality Development in Adulthood: The TESSERA Framework

Wrzus, Cornelia; Roberts, Brent W.

doi:10.1177/1088868316652279

Cited by 428 publications

(712 citation statements)

References 239 publications

(494 reference statements)

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“…Frequent experiences of certain emotions may become more habitual in terms of moods and eventually may impart changes at the trait level (Rosenberg, 1998). This idea is consistent with the newly developed theoretical framework TESSERA (Triggering situations, Expectancy, States/State Expressions, and ReActions) that suggests that long-term personality development at the level of personality traits occurs due to repeated shortterm, situational processes at the level of states/state expressions (Wrzus & Roberts, 2016).…”

Section: Levels Of Changesupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Changing personality traits: Some considerations from psychotherapy process-outcome research for intervention efforts on intentional personality change.

Allemand

Flückiger

2017

Journal of Psychotherapy Integration

102

117

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There is a recent debate in the field of personality development whether and how personality traits can be modified or changed over short periods of time. Whereas traditional positions highlight the relative stability of personality traits in adulthood, recent research investigates intentional personality trait change, that is, desires and attempts to change personality traits. The main goal of the present article is to connect recent activities and intervention efforts in personality psychology with psychotherapy process-outcome research. More specifically, we argue that 4 empirically derived common change factors in psychotherapy research might provide some useful heuristic principles for personality change interventions in normal population that do not particularly suffer from personality disorders. We discuss the implications of the use of these principles to change personality traits and suggest some ideas for future research and practice. There is a recent debate in the field of personality development whether and how personality traits can be modified or changed over short periods of time. Whereas traditional positions highlight the relative stability of personality traits in adulthood, recent research investigates intentional personality trait change, that is, desires and attempts to change personality traits. The main goal of the present paper is to connect recent activities and intervention efforts in personality psychology with psychotherapy process-outcome research. More specifically, we argue that four empirically derived common change factors in psychotherapy research might provide some useful heuristic principles for personality change interventions in normal population that do not particularly suffer from personality disorders. We discuss the implications of the use of these principles to change personality traits and suggest some ideas for future research and practice.

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Section: Levels Of Changesupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Within personality development some researchers suggest a theoretical hierarchy of changeability (Hooker & McAdams, 2003;Roberts & Pomerantz, 2004;Wrzus & Roberts, 2016).…”

Section: Levels Of Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Changing personality traits: Some considerations from psychotherapy process-outcome research for intervention efforts on intentional personality change.

Allemand

Flückiger

2017

Journal of Psychotherapy Integration

102

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, it is largely unclear whether personality change in naturalistic (i.e. non-therapeutic) settings tends to occur gradually or rapidly Wrzus & Roberts, 2017). In the present study, we found both rapid and gradual change in openness and agreeableness, and we found gradual change in emotional stability.…”

Section: Temporal Dynamics Of Personality Changesupporting

confidence: 64%

“…enduring impact on peoples' thoughts, feelings, and behavior, driving personality development from the bottom up (Roberts, 2017;Wrzus & Roberts, 2017). These commonly experienced topdown and bottom-up influences may, to some extent, underlie the normative patterns of personality trait change in middle and late adulthood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Trait Development Across the Transition to Retirement

Schwaba¹,

Bleidorn²

2017

Preprint

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In this study, we examined trajectories of Big Five personality development in the five years before and after retirement. Our sample was composed of 690 retirees (ages 51-81) and a propensity-score matched comparison group of 532 non-retirees drawn from a nationally representative longitudinal study of the Netherlands. Participants contributed data across a maximum of six measurement waves over a period of seven years. In the month after retirement, participants experienced sudden increases in openness and agreeableness followed by gradual declines in these traits over the next five years. Emotional stability increased before and after retirement. The transition to retirement was not associated with changes in conscientiousness or extraversion. Further, we found significant individual differences in development across the transition to retirement for each personality trait but could not identify any moderators that accounted for these individual differences. These results contribute to our understanding of personality development in older adulthood as well as the temporal dynamics of personality change in response to major life events. A vast number of theories have been put forth to explain how these life events affect lifespan personality development (e.g.

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“…This difference between aggregated daily self-control and trait self-control might indicate that fathers are not aware of changes in their general self-control when reflecting on the preceding period, and that trait changes in fathers are better detected using a daily self-control measure. The changes in aggregated daily self-control might be related to implicit or automatic processes instead of reflective processes (Back & Nestler, 2016;Wrzus & Roberts, 2017). Yet, it is important to note that this is the first study using this daily selfcontrol measure.…”

Section: Socialization Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and Change in Self-Control during the Transition to Parenthood

Scheppingen¹,

Denissen²,

Bleidorn³

2018

Preprint

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Self-control is associated with a variety of positive life outcomes, including relationship satisfaction, health, educational achievement, and avoiding criminal behavior. A largely unanswered question concerns the extent to which self-control changes across the lifespan and in response to major life events. The present research used prospective 4-wave data from 539 Dutch individuals to examine the self-control trajectory of first-time parents (n = 246) as compared to individuals who did not have children during the research period (n = 293). New parents (especially mothers) reported higher levels of self-control before birth (i.e., during pregnancy), as compared to nonparents. New mothers showed significant nonlinear decreases in self-control, which were especially strong from pregnancy until six months after childbirth. New fathers’ self-control remained largely stable. Furthermore, pregnancy-related stress was associated with lower self-control levels during pregnancy in both first-time mothers and fathers. Higher levels of work-family conflict and family-related stress were associated with lower self-control after childbirth in new fathers, but not in new mothers. These results indicate that major life transitions may be linked to changes in adult self-control. Discussion focuses on the implications of the results for theory and research on the development of self-control in adulthood.

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Processes of Personality Development in Adulthood: The TESSERA Framework

Cited by 428 publications

References 239 publications

Changing personality traits: Some considerations from psychotherapy process-outcome research for intervention efforts on intentional personality change.

Changing personality traits: Some considerations from psychotherapy process-outcome research for intervention efforts on intentional personality change.

Personality Trait Development Across the Transition to Retirement

Stability and Change in Self-Control during the Transition to Parenthood

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