Processible polyaniline complexes due to molecular recognition: Supramolecular structures based on hydrogen bonding and phenyl stacking

Ikkala, Olli; Pietilä, Lars‐Olof; Passiniemi, P.; Vikki, T.; Österholm, H.; Ahjopalo, L.; Österholm, J.‐E.

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(97)80663-7

Cited by 65 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In a series of papers Ikkala et al. − used the concepts of supramolecular chemistry in the explanation of spectral features of sulfonic acid protonated PANI in phenol type solvents. Thus, the formation of extended chain conformation in protonated PANI which, in turn, favors polaron delocalization, requires strong interactions via hydrogen bonding between the solvent, the counteranion, and the polymer chain, together with a geometrical match between the solvent and polymer repeat units in order to enhance the van der Waals interaction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic, Structural and Transport Properties of Conductive Polyaniline Processed from Fluorinated Alcohols

et al. 1998

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Studies of PANI protonation in fluorinated alcohols are presented. Three solvents have been tested, namely 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-phenyl-2-propanol (HFPP), and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(p-tolyl)-propanol (HFTP). It has been demonstrated that the degree of the broadening of the NIR absorption, which can be considered as a measure of polaron delocalization, depends strongly on the selection of an appropriate protonating agent−solvent couple. Several couples, giving spectra similar to that reported for PANI(CSA)0.5 in m-cresol, have been found. Processing of PANI from HFIP solutions leads to films with improved PANI chains stacking order as evidenced by X-ray diffraction studies. The films exhibit metallic type of conductivity down to 200 K. The temperature dependence of the conductivity over the whole temperature range studied has been fitted using a combination of a metallic and hopping contribution in the frame of a heterogeneous disorder picture of PANI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic, Structural and Transport Properties of Conductive Polyaniline Processed from Fluorinated Alcohols

et al. 1998

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“…The highest conductivity was found in the system formed by PANI, camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), and m -cresol . The behavior of the system PANI-CSA− m -cresol was also investigated by Ikkala et al, , who postulated a very particular arrangement of the PANI-CSA and m -cresol, evidencing the formation of a supramolecular complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Secondary Doping and Thermal Treatment in Poly(diphenylamine) and Polyaniline Monitored by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

et al. 2001

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Changes in poly(diphenylamine) chains primarily doped with camphorsulfonic acid (PDPA-CSA) during the secondary doping process were spectroscopically characterized. The UV−vis−NIR spectrum of PDPA-CSA treated with m-cresol showed the NIR (1100 nm) tail of the band due to free-carrier absorption, confirming the increase of polymer conductivity. Resonance Raman and ESR results showed that, during this treatment, there was a conversion of diphenosemiquinone segments into diphenoquinoid ones. These results indicated that spinless species are the free carriers in this kind of polymer, which are in contrast with those observed for PANI-CSA treated with m-cresol. The thermal behavior of PDPA-CSA was also studied by in-situ resonance Raman and ESR spectroscopies. These results also indicated a conversion of diphenosemiquinone segments into diphenoquinoid ones. New bands in Raman spectra at high temperature presented by PANI and PDPA were assigned to oxidized structures having oxazine-like rings.

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“…BCP-based supramolecules can be constructed by attaching small molecules to pendant functionalities of a polymer chain via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, or metal ligation. − The coil-comb supramolecules phase separate into arrays of well-defined microdomains similar to those seen in BCP alone, and small molecules order within BCP microdomains. In thin films of BCP-based supramolecules, the macroscopic orientation of supramolecular assemblies can be tailored. − Experimentally, by adjusting the loading of the small molecules, the BCP microdomains can be aligned perpendicular to the surface. , Within BCP microdomains, lamellar assemblies from the comb block, several nanometers in size, are oriented parallel to the surface and small molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surface. , Blending organic semiconductors with inert polymers was shown to be effective for improving the solution processability of the semiconductor .…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Organic Semiconductors via Directed Supramolecular Assembly

Rancatore

Mauldin²,

Tung

et al. 2010

ACS Nano

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Organic small molecule semiconductors have many advantages over their polymer analogues. However, to fabricate organic semiconductor-based devices using solution processing, it is requisite to eliminate dewetting to ensure film uniformity and desirable to assemble nanoscopic features with tailored macroscopic alignment without compromising their electronic properties. To this end, we present a modular supramolecular approach. A quaterthiophene organic semiconductor is attached to the side chains of poly(4-vinylpyridine) via noncovalent hydrogen bonds to form supramolecular assemblies that act as p-type semiconductors in field-effect transistors. In thin films, the quaterthiophenes can be readily assembled into microdomains, tens of nanometers in size, oriented normal to the surface. The supramolecules exhibited the same field-effect mobilities as that of the quaterthiophene alone (10−4 cm2/(V·s)). Since the organic semiconductors can be readily substituted, this modular supramolecular approach is a viable method for the fabrication of functional, nanostructured organic semiconductor films using solution processing.

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Processible polyaniline complexes due to molecular recognition: Supramolecular structures based on hydrogen bonding and phenyl stacking

Cited by 65 publications

References 19 publications

Spectroscopic, Structural and Transport Properties of Conductive Polyaniline Processed from Fluorinated Alcohols

Spectroscopic, Structural and Transport Properties of Conductive Polyaniline Processed from Fluorinated Alcohols

Comparison of Secondary Doping and Thermal Treatment in Poly(diphenylamine) and Polyaniline Monitored by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

Nanostructured Organic Semiconductors via Directed Supramolecular Assembly

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