Processing A Shallow Seismic Cdp Survey: An Example From The Oak Ridges Moraine, Ontario, Canada

Schieck, David G.; Pullan, Susan E.

doi:10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.206.1995_061

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“…Paleochannels represent lateral heterogenic features that consistently plague hydrodynamic models and that have become a routinely imageable shallow target (Miller and Xia, 1997). Correlating stratigraphy with boreholes in variable unconsolidated settings has provided a challenge to investigators on many surveys (Miller et al, 1996;Schieck and Pullan, 1995). In all the previously noted applications, if the conditions are not adequate for the propagation and recording of high frequency, broad band, reflected waves from shallow interfaces, seismic reflection will not work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow seismic reflection does not always work

Miller

Xia

Steeples

1998

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998

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Shallow seismic reflection has seen widespread use in a variety of environmental, groundwater, and engineering applications over the last 15 years. Seismic reflection, like any other geophysical technique, has reasonably well defined limitations. Besides the well-published resolution limitation, the effectiveness of the technique is strongly dependent, and in many cases controlled, by near-surface conditions. Moisture content, sorting, grain size, organic matter, and consolidation are just a few of the key properties of the near-surface that can dramatically affect the quality of seismic reflection data. In some difficult data areas thoughtful parameter design, high-quality equipment (large dynamic range and small electronic noise), and careful processing can overcome adverse near-surface conditions. Tendencies to suggest that data processing is the key to bringing out reflections on CMP stacks that are not identifiable on shot or CMP gathers leads to overselling the technique and inevitable skepticism by clients and potential clients as to the reliability of shallow seismic reflection. As difficult as it may be for shallow seismic reflection practitioners to admit, shallow seismic reflection simply will not work in some settings and for some targets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%