Processing and dielectric properties of Bi4Srn−3TinO3n+3 (n=3, 4 and 5) ceramics obtained from mechanochemically activated precursors

Relaxor behaviour in BaBi4Ti4O15 ceramics fabricated using the powders obtained by mechanochemically assisted synthesis route

“…The ferroelectric polarization-electric field (P-E) loop (50 Hz) was obtained by a ferroelectric hysteresis loop tracer (Marine India Inc.) at room temperature. to 12 h of planetary ball milling was reported in the literature (Lisoni et al 2001;Ferrer et al 2007). In the present study, we could not obtain the amorphous phase even after 48 h of ball milling.…”

“…Synthesis associated with mechanochemical route would help to *Author for correspondence (kbrvarma@mrc.iisc.ernet.in) overcome these problems to a certain extent. A wide range of ferroelectric materials, including those belonging to Aurivillius oxides, has been made using mechanical activation and extensively investigated for their physical properties (Lisoni et al 2001;Sim et al 2004;Ferrer et al 2007;Lazarević et al 2009a,b). Lazarević et al (2009a) have reported the formation of BBT by heating the homogenized mixture of BaTiO 3 and Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 at 1100 °C for 4 h (Lazarević et al 2009a,b).…”

Study on high temperature performances for bismuth layer-structured (Sr1−xCax)2Bi4Ti5O18 (0≤x≤1) ceramics

“…The bulk density of sintered pellets showed that the best sintering temperature for SCBT ceramics was 1160 • C. Table 1 listed the bulk density of SCBT ceramics sintered at 1160 • C for 2 h. For Aurivillius-type ceramics, due to the anisotropic growth habit and the lack of mass diffusion during the sintering, it Table 2 The dielectric peak position of SCBT ceramics with different x. is difficult to process by sintering highly dense ceramics from crystalline precursor powder [19]. The bulk density of Aurivillius-type ceramics sintered by conventional method was usually reported about 90% of the theoretical value [2,20]. Table 1 showed that the bulk density ( ) of all SCBT samples also reached 90% of the theoretical value.…”

“…Because of the high Curie temperature, bismuth layerstructured ferroelectrics (BLSFs) ceramics can be used to manufacture piezoelectric devices under high temperature [1][2][3]. Also, the BLSFs have many other excellent features, such as stronger anisotropic electromechanical coupling factors, low aging rate and low dielectric dissipation factors.…”

“…The oxides Sr 2 Bi 4 Ti 5 O 18 (SBT) and Ca 2 Bi 4 Ti 5 O 18 (CBT) are typical materials of BLSFs with m = 5. SBT ceramics has good piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 = 26 pC/N), but the Curie temperature of SBT is only 267 • C [2]. Comparing to SBT, CBT ceramics has higher Curie temperature (T c = 775 • C) and lower piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 = 8.83 pC/N) [16].…”