Processing and preliminary interpretation of noisy high-resolution seismic reflection/refraction data across the active Ostler Fault zone, South Island, New Zealand

Campbell, Fiona; Kaiser, Anna; Horstmeyer, Heinrich; Green, A.G.; Ghisetti, F.; Gorman, A. R.; Finnemore, M.; Nobes, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2009.05.001

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The Ostler fault penetrates Torlesse greywacke basement in each profile and offsets several packages of Plio‐Pleistocene sediments. Each seismic line also contains numerous fault strands and splays that do not offset the ground surface, some with substantially gentler dips approaching ∼25–35° [ Campbell et al , 2010]. Overall, these results match our prediction of comparatively minor listric fault curvature at Clearburn and Willowbank saddle based on the wavelength of backlimb tilting (Figure 14 and Table 4).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Fault planes imaged using ground‐penetrating radar the along the North Central section immediately west of Twizel (Figure 1) have average dips of 56 ± 9° (2 σ ) in the shallow subsurface [ Amos et al , 2007]. These dips generally agree with estimates from offsets of multiple terrace levels (50 ± 18° (2 σ )) [ Davis et al , 2005] and deeper seismic reflection and refraction data (∼50–60°) [ Ghisetti et al , 2007; Campbell et al , 2010]. Ground‐penetrating radar studies farther south along the North Central section reveal a range in fault dips between ∼30° [ McClymont et al , 2008] and ∼50° [ Wallace et al , 2010], indicating some degree of dip variability in the shallow subsurface.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 65%

“…An independent check on the geometric predictions of the listric fault model comes from seismic reflection and refraction profiles collected across the Clearburn and Willowbank saddle paleo‐outwash valleys [ Ghisetti et al , 2007; Campbell et al , 2010] (Figure 1). In each location, seismic profiles are interpreted to show relatively constant fault dips of 45–60°W reaching depths between ∼1–1.5 km.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimates of the total offset on the Ostler fault stem from seismic imaging along the North Central fault section [ Ghisetti et al , 2007; Campbell et al , 2010]. Several Plio‐Pleistocene sedimentary sequences that are identified and correlated across the fault by Ghisetti et al [2007] yield a total fault throw of ∼800 m and a corresponding shortening of ∼30%.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Along-strike growth of the Ostler fault, New Zealand: Consequences for drainage deflection above active thrusts

2010

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Rarely are geologic records available to constrain the spatial and temporal evolution of thrust‐fault growth as slip accumulates during repeated earthquake events. Here, we utilize multiple generations of dated and deformed fluvial terraces to explore two key aspects of the along‐strike kinematic development of the Ostler fault zone in southern New Zealand over the past ∼100 k.y.: accumulation of fault slip through space and time and fixed‐length thrust growth that results in patterns of drainage diversion suggestive of laterally propagating faults. Along the Ostler fault, surface deformation patterns revealed by topographic surveying of terrace profiles in nine transverse drainages define systematic variations in fault geometry and suggest deformation over both listric and planar thrust ramps. Kinematic modeling of folded terrace profiles and >100 fault‐scarp surveys along major fault sections reveals remarkably similar slip distributions for multiple successions of geomorphic surfaces spanning ∼100 k.y. Spatially abrupt and temporally sustained displacement gradients across zones of fault section overlap suggest that either persistent barriers to fault propagation or interference between overlapping faults dominate the interactions of fault tips from the scale of individual scarps to the entire fault zone. Deformed terrace surfaces dated using optically stimulated luminescence and cosmogenic radionuclides indicate steady, maximum rates of fault slip of ∼1.9 mm/yr during the Late Quaternary. Slip data synthesized along the central Ostler fault zone imply that displacement accumulated at approximately constant fault lengths over the past ∼100 k.y. A northward temporal progression of abandoned wind gaps along this section thus reflects lateral tilting in response to amplification of displacement, rather than simple fault lengthening or lateral propagation. Oscillations of climate at ∼104‐yr time scales modulate the formation and incision of geomorphic surfaces during successive glacial stages. Superimposed on apparently steadier rates of fault slip, such climate‐dependent surfaces contribute to a pattern of progressive drainage deflection along the central Ostler fault zone that is largely independent of fault propagation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Along-strike growth of the Ostler fault, New Zealand: Consequences for drainage deflection above active thrusts

2010

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“…The receiver spacing was of 7.5 m at Trafal 1-4 and at Escanxinhas, 5 m at Palmeiras and 2.5 m at Ferrarias. Though the spacing was larger than what should be needed to avoiding aliased ground roll, economical reasons were mandatory and a careful processing of the data was carried out later to ensure that it did not stack coherently (CAMPBELL et al, 2010).…”

Section: Seismic Reflection and Em Profile Location And Seismic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Geophysical Study of the Carcavai Fault Zone, Portugal

Carvalho

Ramalho

Dias

et al. 2011

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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The Algarve province is located a few hundred kilometres north of the crossing of the E-W Eurasia-Africa plate boundary in an area of diffuse seismicity and broad deformation. It is characterised by a moderate seismicity, with some important historical and instrumental earthquakes causing loss of lives and significant material damages. The area is affected not only by plate boundary earthquakes but also by moderate to large events generated by local sources. The assessment of onshore local sources is, therefore, of vital importance for an evaluation of the regional seismic hazard. This paper discusses the application of geophysical data to the study of the Carcavai fault zone, an outcropping structure more than 20 km long which is seen to deform sediments of the Plio-Quaternary age. The location of some sectors of the fault zone, as well as the vertical offsets of the structure, are still to be confirmed. In order to estimate these and to study the geometry of the fault zone at depth, geophysical data were acquired together with new geological data. Where the location of the fault was less certain, EM and seismic reflection profiles with coarse spatial sampling were carried out. After the detailed location of the fault zone, seismic reflection profiles with a more dense spatial resolution were acquired. The integrated interpretation of the geological and geophysical data confirmed the presence of a large fault zone. The total fault length is still unknown as its extension offshore is still being studied. Together with estimated values of the throw obtained, this data set has improved understanding the seismic hazard in the area by providing more refined estimates of coseismic rupture, maximum expected earthquake and return periods.

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Seismic Refraction Investigation on Limestone Area in Gopeng, Perak

Abdullah

Awang

2016

InCIEC 2015

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Processing and preliminary interpretation of noisy high-resolution seismic reflection/refraction data across the active Ostler Fault zone, South Island, New Zealand

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Along-strike growth of the Ostler fault, New Zealand: Consequences for drainage deflection above active thrusts

Along-strike growth of the Ostler fault, New Zealand: Consequences for drainage deflection above active thrusts

A Geophysical Study of the Carcavai Fault Zone, Portugal

Seismic Refraction Investigation on Limestone Area in Gopeng, Perak

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