Processing and Properties of Co‐Extruded Lead Zirconate Titanate Fibers

Abstract

The development of the whole process chain, starting with feedstock preparation and rheological characterization, followed by debinding, sintering, and the final properties is described for the fabrication of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) fibers through the co‐extrusion process. The PZT‐polymer and carbon black (CB)‐polymer feedstocks were prepared using a high‐shear mixer and their rheological behavior was characterized by torque rheometry and by the evaluation of viscosity models which consider the influence of the volume fraction of solids on the relative viscosity Based on the rheology of the compounds, a feedstock containing 58 vol% of PZT and another containing 35 vol% of CB were selected for the co‐extrusion process. By varying the viscosity ratio between the co‐extruded materials, three different co‐extrusion investigations were carried out. To detect any defect present in the green co‐extruded monofilament composites that may become evident only after debinding, sintering or even at the test stage, X‐ray tomography was performed. To establish the developed co‐extrusion process chain, the microstructure, and the electromechanical properties of successfully co‐extruded and sintered fibers (ø ~250 μm) were compared with fibers produced by conventional thermoplastic extrusion. The extruded fibers revealed a maximum strain of 0.39%, whereas this value was decreased to 0.22% for the co‐extruded ones.

BaTiO3 nanotubes by co-axial electrospinning: Rheological and microstructural investigations

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Ferroelectric hybrid fibers to develop flexible sensors for shape sensing of smart textiles and soft condensed matter bodies

“…Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) in fiber form is widely used in 1-3 composite structures, for actuator and sensor applications due to its ability to convert electrical pulses into mechanical vibrations and transform the returned mechanical vibrations back into electrical signal. Processing and optimization of lead based and lead-free piezoelectric fiber is an active area of research where the fibers are manufactured by various processes, such as thermoplastic extrusion [1][2][3][4], ALCERU ® cellulose spinning technique [5], viscous suspension spinning process [6], sol-gel [7][8][9][10], electrospinning [11] etc. Microstructure and mechanical properties of PZT fibers derived by different processing routes have been studied [12,13] and a correlation between them is reported [14].…”