Processing, As-Cast Microstructure and Wear Characteristics of a Monotectic Al-Bi-Cu Alloy

Reyes, Rodrigo V.; Pinotti, Vitor Eduardo; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira; Casteletti, Luíz Carlos; Garcia, Amauri; Spinelli, José Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s11665-018-3851-3

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The results from ref. [25] were included for permitting a comparison of the effects of the Bi content to be performed. The understanding of these results is made easier by plotting empirical fits as those in Figure 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diameter (d Bi ) and the interphase spacing (λ Bi ) of the Bi particles, which was obtained by averaging the horizontal distance between the centres of consecutive Bi particles [23][24][25], were measured using image processing tools (about 50 readings for each examined position along the length of the directionally solidified casting).…”

Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding solidification and wear behaviour of Al-3Cu-Bi alloys

Moura

Gomes

Siqueira

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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Considering that Bi is able to decrease friction between contacting surfaces, wear damage is expected to decrease as well. Bi-containing Al alloys have emerged as a choice for creating self-lubricating parts. The current work compares the effects of two distinct Bi alloy contents on the microstructure, Bi morphology/spacing, hardness, and wear resistance of Al-3.0wt.%Cu-Bi alloys. The novelty is in determining the microstructure constituting the Al-Cu based alloys with different Bi additions. Also, functional relationships between the wear resistance and the Bi droplets are derived. Increasing the Bi content from 2.0 to 3.2 wt.% changed the size and spacing of Bi particles as well as decreased hardness and increased the wear resistance. Even though the Al-3.0wt%Cu-3.2wt%Bi alloy has a lower hardness, the greater Bi fraction seems to be the key factor enhancing wear resistance. The bigger Bi areas spreading over the Al-rich phase under wear allowed higher wear resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding solidification and wear behaviour of Al-3Cu-Bi alloys

Moura

Gomes

Siqueira

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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“…Transverse sections along the axial length of the DS Al-Si and Al-Bi-Si samples were used in the micro-adhesive (ball crater) wear tests. A schematic representation of the used wear tester is shown in Reyes et al 8 . To produce a wear crater, during the tests, a hard spherical bearing steel ball (AISI 52100, diameter of 25.4 mm and hardness of 818 HV) was rotated against the sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wear volume increases with an increase in the microstructural spacing (λ Bi ), as recently reported, for a same sliding distance for a monotectic Al-Bi alloy. It means that in order to induce a higher wear resistance, a better dispersion of Bi droplets is required 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bi Addition on Si Features, Tensile Properties and Wear Resistance of Hypereutectic Al-15Si Alloy

2020

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Bismuth (Bi) alloying in Aluminum (Al) alloys is considered of importance in special applications requiring improvements in the alloy machining. Despite that, the influence of Bi either on evolution of the solidification or on resulting microstructure of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys is still to be determined. The present research work is devoted to these requirements. In the present study, Al-15wt.% Si hypereutectic alloy is modified with 1.0 wt.% Bi. The effects of this addition on the morphology of the phases forming the microstructure and on the tensile/wear properties are investigated. Various samples characterized by distinct cooling rates are generated by transient directional solidification of the ternary Al-Si-Bi alloy. Microstructure is examined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, segregation by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) whereas wear and tensile properties have been characterized by standardized tests. The experimental variations of the eutectic spacing are compared to each other based on their trends. It is found that the addition of minor Bi content (~1 wt. %) permitted tensile strength and ductility of 195 MPa and 14%. Furthermore, wear resistance is improved by up to 20% due to the Bi addition. The reasons for that will be outlined.

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“…2wt.%Bi-3wt.%Cu SFINX -Quasi-steady-state d= 12*(T) -1/3 -R 2 =0.97 Unsteady-stated= 6*(T) -1/3 -R 2 =0.92Bi diameter (µm)Cooling rate (°C/s) (a) Experimental variations of liquid Bi droplet size as a function of temperature during quasisteady-state growth and (b) comparative plots of the Bi droplet diameters for both unsteady-state and quasisteady-state regimes for the Al-3.2wt.%Bi-3wt.%Cu alloy at different cooling rates.In addition, the present results allowed comparisons of the experimental scaling laws relating the Bi diameter, d, with the cooling rate considering results extracted under quasi-steady and nonsteady growth of the Al-3.2wt.%Bi-3wt.%Cu alloy. The points related with non-steady growth earlier published[41] were included inFigure 9bfor comparison purposes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Combined growth of α-Al and Bi in a Al-Bi-Cu monotectic alloy analyzed by in situ X-ray radiography

Xavier

Reyes

Gomes

et al. 2020

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Al-based monotectic alloys show an interesting combination of wear resistance and mechanical strength. While self-lubricating bismuth (Bi) guarantees an adequate wear resistance, the modification with copper (Cu) can increase the ability to support load. Tailoring the micromorphology of the α-Al phase as well as the distribution of the inclusions of Bi embedded in the α-Al matrix is of prime importance in order to improve the properties. In this paper, various solidification experiments are performed with the Al-3.2wt.%Bi-3wt.%Cu monotectic alloy. Real-time radiographs could be acquired during solidification by using the laboratory device SFINX (Solidification Furnace with IN situ X-radiography). The processing conditions could be chosen in such a way that both cellular and dendritic morphologies of the α-Al phase could be clearly seen in a single test. Micromorphological transitions from dendrites to cells are recognized for samples solidified from different cooling rates, i.e. 0.025 K/s and 0.01 K/s. Measurements of the α-Al dendrite velocity and growth parameters of the Bi droplets during solidification have also been extensively performed. A comprehensive model for the cellular-to-dendritic (CDT) transition of Al-based monotectic alloys is outlined. The model considers the interaction between α-Al and Bi droplets during solidification and its impact on the microstructure.

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Processing, As-Cast Microstructure and Wear Characteristics of a Monotectic Al-Bi-Cu Alloy

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Understanding solidification and wear behaviour of Al-3Cu-Bi alloys

Understanding solidification and wear behaviour of Al-3Cu-Bi alloys

Effects of Bi Addition on Si Features, Tensile Properties and Wear Resistance of Hypereutectic Al-15Si Alloy

Combined growth of α-Al and Bi in a Al-Bi-Cu monotectic alloy analyzed by in situ X-ray radiography

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