Processing of preconsciously acquired information measured by hemispheric asymmetry and selection accuracy.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of instruction types on hemispheric activation and accurate selection of spatial stimuli that had been previously presented at a subliminal level. Right-handed females randomly received either an "analytic" or a "holistic" instruction. Both groups first saw a series of slides for an extremely brief time (1 ms). Subsequently, these slides were paired with similar but novel slides. One group was asked to view the pairs analytically and to select the one they thought they had seen before. The other group was asked to view the pairs holistically and indicate which of the two they preferred. The results supported the hypothesis that analytic subjects would be more likely to engage the parietal region of their left hemisphere and holistic subjects would favor relative activation of the right parietal region (Mann-Whitney test, U = 57, p less than .04). An inverse relation was also detected between parietal laterality and selection accuracy, r(26) = .39, p less than .05. The findings are discussed in terms of a memory model of information processing.

Liking for happy- and sad-sounding music: Effects of exposure

“…In many instances, liking for neutral stimuli increased as a function of a small number of previous exposures yet perceivers could not consciously recognise the previously exposed stimuli (Barchas & Perlaki, 1986;Bonanno & Stillings, 1986;Bornstein et al, 1987;Kunst-Wilson & Zajonc, 1980;Mandler et al, 1987;Murphy et al, 1995;Seamon et al, 1983Seamon et al, , 1984Seamon et al, , 1995Thompson et al, 2000). Processing fluency provides an elegant account of these response patterns and of the 232 SCHELLENBERG, PERETZ, VIEILLARD independence between implicit memory (as evidenced by increases in liking) and explicit memory.…”

“…Focused exposure leads to accurate recognition but not to increases in liking, whereas incidental exposure leads to increases in liking in the absence of explicit memory (Szpunar et al, 2004, Experiment 1). In fact, there is abundant empirical evidence of liking in the absence of explicit memory for impoverished and neutral stimuli presented in either visual or auditory modalities (Barchas & Perlaki, 1986;Bonanno & Stillings, 1986;Bornstein, Leone, & Galley, 1987;Kunst-Wilson & Zajonc, 1980;Mandler, Nakamura, & Van Zandt, 1987;Murphy, Monahan, & Zajonc, 1995;Seamon, Brody, & Kauff, 1983;Seamon, Marsh, & Brody, 1984;Seamon et al, 1995;Thompson et al, 2000). When the stimuli are rich and aesthetically pleasing, however, the twofactor model appears to provide a better account of response patterns.…”

Predicting Memory for Components of TV Commercials from EEG

“…Vigilance versus learning mode of receipt of stimuli (Barchas and Perlaki 1986;Dimond and Beaumont 1973);…”

Electroencephalographic Intercentral Interaction as a Reflection of Normal and Pathological Human Brain Activity

“…Literature reviews on EEG hemispheric specificity show that, on the whole, studies have focused on research of reactions to afferent stimulation or of performance of psychological tasks. Furthermore, these studies have been carried out primarily on right-handed subjects (Barchas & Perlaki, 1986;Beaumont, Mayes, & Rugg, 1978). The importance of taking functional asymmetry into account in the research of EEG hemisphere specificity is confirmed by clinical data of the differences in psychoneurological symptoms of focal brain damage in left-and right-handed subjects (Dobrokhotova & Bragina, 1977).…”