In this work, B 4 C particulate-reinforced Al composite was fabricated by a pressureless infiltration technique, and its interfacial microstructure was studied in detail by X-ray diffraction as well as by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The B 4 C phase was unstable in Al melt during the infiltration process, forming AlB 10 -type AlB 24 C 4 or Al 2.1 B 51 C 8 as a major reactant phase. The Al matrix was large grains (over 10 lm), which had no definite orientation relationships (ORs) with the randomly orientated B 4 C or its reactant particles, except for possible nucleation sites with f011g B 4 C almost parallel to {111} Al at a deviation angle of 1.5 deg. Both B 4 C-Al and reactant-Al interfaces are semicoherent and free of other phases. A comparison was made with the SiC/Al composite fabricated similarly by the pressureless infiltration. It was suggested that the lack of ORs between the Al matrix and reinforced particles, except for possible nucleation sites, is the common feature of the composites prepared by the infiltration method.