Processing of the Tail Lysozyme (gp5) of Bacteriophage T4

Ye, Nanzhang; Nemoto, Norio

doi:10.1128/jb.186.18.6335-6339.2004

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Since the detected peptides are from the N-terminal part of the protein (amino acid residues 21 to 28, 36 to 44, and 161 to 172), no obvious explanation for this observation can be given. It is possible that the C-terminal part of the protein is proteolytically cut off during assembly of the phage particle, as is described for some phage proteins, e.g., gp5 protein of phage T4 (52).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Host-Range Yersinia Phage PY100: Genome Sequence, Proteome Analysis of Virions, and DNA Packaging Strategy

et al. 2008

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PY100 is a lytic bacteriophage with a broad host range within the genus Yersinia. The phage forms plaques on strains of the three human pathogenic species Yersinia enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. pestis at 37°C. PY100 was isolated from farm manure and intended to be used in phage therapy trials. PY100 has an icosahedral capsid containing double-stranded DNA and a contractile tail. The genome consists of 50,291 bp and is predicted to contain 93 open reading frames (ORFs). PY100 gene products were found to be homologous to the capsid proteins and proteins involved in DNA metabolism of the enterobacterial phage T1; PY100 tail proteins possess homologies to putative tail proteins of phage Aa⌽23 of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. In a proteome analysis of virion particles, 15 proteins of the head and tail structures were identified by mass spectrometry. The putative gene product of ORF2 of PY100 shows significant homology to the gene 3 product (small terminase subunit) of Salmonella phage P22 that is involved in packaging of the concatemeric phage DNA. The packaging mechanism of PY100 was analyzed by hybridization and sequence analysis of DNA isolated from virion particles. Newly replicated PY100 DNA is cut initially at a pac recognition site, which is located in the coding region of ORF2.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Host-Range Yersinia Phage PY100: Genome Sequence, Proteome Analysis of Virions, and DNA Packaging Strategy

et al. 2008

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“…We posit that this phenomenon was caused by lysis mechanisms such as “lysis from without (LO)” or “rapid lysis” ( 47 , 48 ). Gp5 in T4 phage, which has tail lysozyme, is known to cause LO ( 49 ). Gp5 forms a complex with the T4 phage tail, and when the T4 phage adsorbs to their host, Gp5 degrades the peptidoglycan layer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of 29 newly isolated bacteriophages as a potential therapeutic agent against IMP-6-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical specimens

Kondo,

Nakano,

Hisatsune

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are one of the most detrimental species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria globally. Phage therapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the treatment of CPE infections. In western Japan, the rise of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains harboring the pKPI-6 plasmid encoding bla IMP-6 is of increasing concern. To address this challenge, we isolated 29 phages from Japanese sewage, specifically targeting 31 K . pneumoniae strains and one Escherichia coli strain harboring the pKPI-6 plasmid. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that among the 29 isolated phages, 21 (72.4%), 5 (17.2%), and 3 (10.3%) phages belonged to myovirus, siphovirus, and podovirus morphotypes, respectively. Host range analysis showed that 18 Slopekvirus strains within the isolated phages infected 25–26 K . pneumoniae strains, indicating that most of the isolated phages have a broad host range. Notably, K. pneumoniae strain Kp21 was exclusively susceptible to phage øKp_21, whereas Kp22 exhibited susceptibility to over 20 phages. Upon administering a phage cocktail composed of 10 phages, we observed delayed emergence of phage-resistant bacteria in Kp21 but not in Kp22. Intriguingly, phage-resistant Kp21 exhibited heightened sensitivity to other bacteriophages, indicating a “trade-off” for resistance to phage øKp_21. Our proposed phage set has an adequate number of phages to combat the K. pneumoniae strain prevalent in Japan, underscoring the potential of a well-designed phage cocktail in mitigating the occurrence of phage-resistant bacteria. IMPORTANCE The emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring the bla IMP-6 plasmid poses an escalating threat in Japan. In this study, we found 29 newly isolated bacteriophages that infect K. pneumoniae strains carrying the pKPI-6 plasmid from clinical settings in western Japan. Our phages exhibited a broad host range. We applied a phage cocktail treatment composed of 10 phages against two host strains, Kp21 and Kp22, which displayed varying phage susceptibility patterns. Although the phage cocktail delayed the emergence of phage-resistant Kp21, it was unable to hinder the emergence of phage-resistant Kp22. Moreover, the phage-resistant Kp21 became sensitive to other phages that were originally non-infective to the wild-type Kp21 strains. Our study highlights the potential of a well-tailored phage cocktail in reducing the occurrence of phage-resistant bacteria.

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“…We posit that this phenomenon was caused by lysis mechanisms such as "lysis from without (LO)" or "rapid lysis" (32,33). Gp5 in T4 phage, which encodes tail lysozyme, is known to cause LO (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We posit that this phenomenon was caused by lysis mechanisms such as “lysis from without (LO)” or “rapid lysis” (32, 33). Gp5 in T4 phage, which encodes tail lysozyme, is known to cause LO (34). Gp5 forms the complex with T4 phage tail and when T4 phage adsorbs to their host, Gp5 degrades the peptidoglycan layer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages against IMP-6-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolated from clinical settings in Japan

Kondo

Nakano

Hisatsune

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are one of the most detrimental species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Phage therapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the treatment of infections caused by CPE pathogens. In west Japan, the increasing occurrence of Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring the pKPI-6 plasmid, which encodes blaIMP-6, is a growing concern. To manage such major antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, we isolated 29 novel phages from sewage in Japan, targeting 31 strains of K. pneumoniae and one strain of Escherichia coli harboring the pKPI-6 plasmid. Electron microscopy analysis indicated that of the 29 isolated phages, 21 (72.4%), 5 (17.2%), and 3 (10.3%) belonged to Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, and Podoviridae, respectively. Host range analysis revealed that 20 Myoviridae members in isolated phages infected 25-26 strains of K. pneumoniae, indicating that most of the isolated phages have a broad host range. The K. pneumoniae Kp21 can only be infected by phage øKp_21, while Kp22 can be infected by more than 20 phages. We applied a phage cocktail, which consists of 10 phages, against Kp21 and Kp22 and found that the phage cocktail delayed the emergence of phage-resistant bacteria for Kp21 strain but not for the Kp22 strain. Furthermore, phage-resistant Kp21 (Kp21r) became prone to be infected from other bacteriophages as a "trade-off" of resistance to phage øKp_21. Our proposed phage set has an adequate number of phages to combat the K. pneumoniae strain isolated in Japan. Notably, our work demonstrates how a suitable phage cocktail diminishes the occurrence of phage-resistant bacteria.

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Processing of the Tail Lysozyme (gp5) of Bacteriophage T4

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Broad-Host-Range Yersinia Phage PY100: Genome Sequence, Proteome Analysis of Virions, and DNA Packaging Strategy

Broad-Host-Range Yersinia Phage PY100: Genome Sequence, Proteome Analysis of Virions, and DNA Packaging Strategy

Characterization of 29 newly isolated bacteriophages as a potential therapeutic agent against IMP-6-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical specimens

Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages against IMP-6-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolated from clinical settings in Japan

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