Processing Speed Mediates the Development of General Intelligence (<i>g</i>) in Adolescence

Coyle, Thomas R.; Pillow, David R.; Snyder, Anissa C.; Kochunov, Peter

doi:10.1177/0956797611418243

Cited by 79 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The neurocognitive effects indicate greater maturational effects on speed than accuracy, which is consistent with multiple studies on age-related changes in performance across the lifespan (Kail 2007;Coyle et al 2011). A cross-sectional study of cognitive maturation in healthy subjects ages 8-30 (Luna et al 2004) indicated maturation of processing speed through late childhood and into adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Imaging Patterns of Brain Development and their Relationship to Cognition

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a brain development index (BDI) that concisely summarizes complex imaging patterns of structural brain maturation along a single dimension using a machine learning methodology. The brain was found to follow a remarkably consistent developmental trajectory in a sample of 621 subjects of ages 8-22 participating in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, reflected by a cross-validated correlation coefficient between chronologic age and the BDI of r = 0.89. Critically, deviations from this trajectory related to cognitive performance. Specifically, subjects whose BDI was higher than their chronological age displayed significantly superior cognitive processing speed compared with subjects whose BDI was lower than their actual age. These results indicate that the multiparametric imaging patterns summarized by the BDI can accurately delineate trajectories of brain development and identify individuals with cognitive precocity or delay.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Imaging Patterns of Brain Development and their Relationship to Cognition

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of this factor allowed us to avoid collinearity issues (redundancy) in our statistical modeling and enabled us to include a construct underlying both variables. The factor thus combines processing speed, which is linked to general (fluid) intelligence (e.g., Coyle et al, 2011), and reasoning abilities, which are thought to reflect general (non-verbal) intelligence. The analysis revealed an initial eigenvalue of the single factor explaining 79% of the variance with factor loadings of 0.89 both for processing speed and reasoning.…”

Section: Correlations Between Background Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech rate effects on the processing of conversational speech across the adult life span

Koch

Janse

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the effect of speech rate on spoken word recognition across the adult life span. Contrary to previous studies, conversational materials with a natural variation in speech rate were used rather than lab-recorded stimuli that are subsequently artificially timecompressed. It was investigated whether older adults' speech recognition is more adversely affected by increased speech rate compared to younger and middle-aged adults, and which individual listener characteristics (e.g., hearing, fluid cognitive processing ability) predict the size of the speech rate effect on recognition performance. In an eye-tracking experiment, participants indicated with a mouse-click which visually presented words they recognized in a conversational fragment. Click response times, gaze, and pupil size data were analyzed. As expected, click response times and gaze behavior were affected by speech rate, indicating that word recognition is more difficult if speech rate is faster. Contrary to earlier findings, increased speech rate affected the age groups to the same extent. Fluid cognitive processing ability predicted general recognition performance, but did not modulate the speech rate effect. These findings emphasize that earlier results of age by speech rate interactions mainly obtained with artificially speeded materials may not generalize to speech rate variation as encountered in conversational speech.

show abstract

“…Some researchers emphasize speed as a purer index of the quality of information processing in the brain (e.g., Coyle, Pillow, Snyder, & Kochunov, 2011;Jensen, 1998Jensen, , 2006. Others emphasize working memory capacity because it is the workspace of thinking (Kyllonen & Christal, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%