Prodromal stage of measles diagnosed at autopsy

Schellmann, Joachim; Sanson, J

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(65)80302-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A number of subsequent pathological studies, primarily based on histological analysis of tissue samples from MV patients, showed that giant cell formation in lymphoid tissue and lung epithelium are characteristic features of measles (Enders et al, 1959;Schellmann & Sanson, 1965;Warthin, 1931). However, it is only in recent years that the underlying mechanisms governing the cellular tropism of MV have been elucidated.…”

Section: Measles Virus (Mv) a Morbillivirus In The Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, MV has been known as a respiratory pathogen which is also capable of spreading systemically in the blood, leading to a temporally well-characterized disease course (Hektoen, 1905;Home, 1759;Panum, 1939). A number of subsequent pathological studies, primarily based on histological analysis of tissue samples from MV patients, showed that giant cell formation in lymphoid tissue and lung epithelium are characteristic features of measles (Enders et al, 1959;Schellmann & Sanson, 1965;Warthin, 1931). However, it is only in recent years that the underlying mechanisms governing the cellular tropism of MV have been elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection of lymphoid tissues in the macaque upper respiratory tract contributes to the emergence of transmissible measles virus

Ludlow

Vries

Lemon

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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Measles virus (MV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. MV is spread by aerosols but the mechanism(s) responsible for the high transmissibility of MV are largely unknown. We previously infected macaques with enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing recombinant MV and euthanized them at a range of time points. In this study a comprehensive pathological analysis has been performed of tissues from the respiratory tract around the peak of virus replication. Isolation of virus from nose and throat swab samples showed that high levels of both cell-associated and cell-free virus were present in the upper respiratory tract. Analysis of tissue sections from lung and primary bronchus revealed localized infection of epithelial cells, concomitant infiltration of MV-infected immune cells into the epithelium and localized shedding of cells or cell debris into the lumen. While high numbers of MV-infected cells were present in the tongue, these were largely encapsulated by intact keratinocyte cell layers that likely limit virus transmission. In contrast, the integrity of tonsillar and adenoidal epithelia was disrupted with high numbers of MV-infected epithelial cells and infiltrating immune cells present throughout epithelial cell layers. Disruption was associated with large numbers of MV-infected cells or cell debris 'spilling' from epithelia into the respiratory tract. The coughing and sneezing response induced by disruption of the ciliated epithelium, leading to the expulsion of MV-infected cells, cell debris and cell-free virus, contributes to the highly infectious nature of MV.

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Section: Measles Virus (Mv) a Morbillivirus In The Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of lymphoid tissues in the macaque upper respiratory tract contributes to the emergence of transmissible measles virus

Ludlow

Vries

Lemon

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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Live, Attenuated Measles Virus Vaccine

Dorfman¹,

Herweg²

1966

JAMA

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This study was carried out to evaluate the antitumor effect of live attenuated measles virus Schwarz (MV) vaccine strain on tumor cell lines in vitro. Live attenuated measles virus Schwarz vaccine strain was obtained from Aventis Pasteur, France. Live attenuated measles virus Schwarz strain was propagated on Vero, human Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and human Glioblastoma-Multiform (GBM) cell lines which were supplied by Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Researches (ICCMGR). Results revealed that cell fusion occurred after 24 h of infection. The infected confluent monolayer appeared to be covered with syncytia with granulation and vaculation of cells after 72 to 120 h. Moreover, the formation of large round empty plaque spaces was observed in infected cells. Results of oncolytic cytopathic effect showed that after 120 h of exposure alterations in morphology of Vero, RD and GBM cells. Cells were rounded, shrink, clustered cells and large empty space with cell debris as a result of cell lysis and death. Haemadsorption effect of MV was studied and result recorded that all cell lines infected with virus have the ability for haemadsorption human red blood cells after 72 h of infection. While uninfected cells gave negative results. Detection of MV H protein by monoclonal antibodies in infected cells of all cell lines by immunocytochemistry assay gave positive results (brown color) in cytoplasm of infected cells. Cell viability was measured after 72 h of infection by MTT assay. Results showed a significant cytotoxic effect for measles virus (P ≤0.05) on growth of RD and GBM cell lines at the first dilution and the second one after 72 h of infection. When the dilution increases, there was a significant decline in the inhibitory effect with a significant cytotoxic effect as compared with the control. Also, concentrated inoculums of measles virus showed a significant cytotoxic effect when compared with the control.

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Atypical Lymph-Node Hyperplasia after Administration of Attenuated, Live Measles Vaccine

Wh²,

Rm³

1966

N Engl J Med

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Prodromal stage of measles diagnosed at autopsy

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Infection of lymphoid tissues in the macaque upper respiratory tract contributes to the emergence of transmissible measles virus

Infection of lymphoid tissues in the macaque upper respiratory tract contributes to the emergence of transmissible measles virus

Live, Attenuated Measles Virus Vaccine

Atypical Lymph-Node Hyperplasia after Administration of Attenuated, Live Measles Vaccine

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