Produção de fitomassa e acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura no cerrado piauiense

Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; Monteiro, Marinete Martins de Sousa; Silva, Rodrigo Fonseca da; Soares, Leandro dos Santos; Fonseca, Wéverson Lima; Nóbrega, Júlio César Azevedo; Petter, Fabiano André; Neto, Francisco de Alcântara; Osajima, Josy A.

doi:10.1590/brag.2013.041

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Most species cultivated as cover crops are either grasses or leguminous plants. Millet ( Pennisetum glaucum ) is one of the most used grasses in the Brazilian Cerrado (Ferreira Junior et al., ) because of its high straw yield (Pacheco et al., , ; Silva Filho, Borin, & Ferreira, ), with an average of 10 t ha −1 (Wutke, Calegari, & Wildner, ), and its high C/N ratio. These attributes promote greater soil protection (Silva Filho et al., ) and increased nutrient cycling (Pacheco et al., , ), even under water deficit conditions (Pacheco et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

et al. 2020

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Global rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation is expected to increase, especially in upland no‐tillage systems (NTS). The difficulty in producing and maintaining straw in NTS in the Brazilian Cerrado and comparative regions worldwide can be overcome by using cover crops in irrigated areas. The potential of straw accumulation, soil cover maintenance, and nutrient cycling is considered while choosing cover crop species, because these characteristics may interfere with subsequent crop cultivation. This study was conducted to determine whether cover crops could benefit the development, productivity, and industrial quality of upland rice grains irrigated by sprinklers and cultivated in succession. The experiment was conducted in the Cerrado, with a summer rainy season and a dry winter. The treatments consisted of six cover crops (millet [Pennisetum glaucum], sunn hemp [Crotalaria juncea], pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan], millet + sunn hemp, millet + pigeonpea, and fallow) sowed in winter or spring. Compared to fallow, the cover crops cultivated in winter or spring led to increased straw production, accumulation of approximately 150% more nitrogen in straw, and possibly improved rice nutritional value because of the higher N content. Rice plants cultivated after sunn hemp developed a greater dry mass than rice cultivated after the fallow treatment. Grain yield was not influenced by the cover crops. However, sunn hemp cultivation increased the milling yield, head rice yield, and the milled rice productivity (MRP), compared to cultivation following the fallow treatment. Cultivation of sunn hemp before the upland rice crop improved MRP compared to that following the fallow treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

et al. 2020

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“…Although tropical regions face a hard time in straw production, vegetal residue decomposition in these regions is fast due to high temperatures and humidity throughout most of the year. Thus, it is extremely important knowing the amount and permanence time of straws belonging to the species used in rotation or consortium cultures (Pacheco et al, 2013). Lange et al (2009) found that the straw decomposition rate of different species reached 30 kg ha -1 day -1 between May and November (174 days) in Minas Gerais Cerrado region; thus, showing that straw accumulation and maintenance in Cerrado is not an easy task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition and release of nutrients from crop residues on soybean-maize cropping systems

Cavalli

Lange

Cavalli

et al. 2018

Agraria

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Nutrients found in residues from agricultural cultures are important reserves for subsequent crops. The objective was to assess the decomposition and release of nutrients from different crop residues for subsequent soybean cultivation. The study was conducted in Mid-Northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The residual straw of cropping systems -maize, brachiaria and maize/brachiaria consortium -were sampled, weighted, disposed in litter bags and then distributed on the soil. The adopted experimental design followed the completely randomized arrangement with three repetitions. Treatments were determined based on harvest time, which was performed every 14 days within 140 days for maize, and within 154 days for brachiaria and for the consortium. The remaining dry matter and nutrients content, and half-time life were evaluated. Maize showed the highest straw dry matter yield (14,176 kg ha -1 ), and the consortium recorded the biggest nutrient accumulation per hectare (K=172.2; N= 141.7 and Ca=56.0 kg ha -1 ). Brachiaria straw presented the fastest decomposition rate (85%) and the highest nutrient release (K=99%; N=92%; Mg=98% and Ca=90% of total initial content). The total K released reached 150 kg ha -1 , which can fit the needs of soybean crops.Key words: crop management; integrated; mixed systems; nutrient cycling Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes de resíduos de culturas no sistema de cultivo soja-milho RESUMO: Os nutrientes contidos nos restos culturais representam uma importante reserva para culturas subsequentes. O objetivo foi avaliar a decomposição e a liberação de nutrientes de diferentes resíduos de culturas para subsequente cultivo da soja. O estudo foi realizado na região Médio Norte do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A palhada residual dos sistemas de cultivo; milho, braquiária e consórcio milho/braquiária foram amostrados, pesados e acomodadas em litter bags e distribuídos sobre o solo. O design experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram estabelecidos com base no tempo de colheita, realizado a cada 14 dias, em um período de 140 dias para o milho e 154 dias para a braquiária e consórcio, aonde foi avaliando a permanência da matéria seca e nutrientes e o tempo de meia vida. O milho apresentou a maior produtividade de matéria seca (14.176 kg ha -1 ), e o consórcio o maior acúmulo de nutrientes por hectare (K=172,1; N= 141,7 e Ca=56,0 kg ha -1 ). A braquiária apresentou a maior taxa de decomposição (85%) e a maior porcentagem de liberação de nutrientes (K=99%; N=92%; Mg=98% e Ca=90% do conteúdo inicial). A quantidade de K liberado pode ser de até 150 kg ha -1 o que pode corresponder às necessidades da soja.Palavras-chave: manejo de culturas; integrados; sistemas mistos; ciclagem de nutrientes Decomposition and release of nutrients from crop residues on soybean-maize cropping systems Rev. Bras.

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“…Technologies such as no-till cropping (SPD) with tilling only in the planting furrow, crop rotation and use of cover crops (MORETI et al, 2007) are important tools that can promote yield gains and quality with less impact to the environment (PACHECO et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and Nutrient Cycling by Cover Crops in Brazilian Cerrado in the State of Piaui

et al. 2017

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-Research on the performance of cover crops in crop systems of annual crops in the Brazilian state of Piauí contributes to increases in yield, greater efficiency of fertilizers and mitigation of environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of cover crops in terms of biomass production and the accumulation and release of nutrients during the crop season (November to April) in an oxisol in the Brazilian Cerrado in the state of Piauí that was submitted to different crop production systems including soybeans, maize and upland rice. The experiment was established during the 2010/11 and 2011/12 crop years in the rural area near the municipality of Bom Jesus, Piauí. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split-plot array. Different soil management systems (conventional and no-till) were evaluated in the main plots. Different crop production systems consisting of cover crops sown in the off-season (April to November), and annual crops sown during the crop season (November to April) were implemented in the subplots. The crop production systems that included Urochloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum overseeded on soybeans and Urochloa ruziziensis simultaneously intercropped with maize stood out in terms of biomass production and the accumulation and release of nutrients. Yields of maize and upland rice declined when sown under newly implemented no-till soil management.Keywords: Brachiaria. Millet. Crotalaria. No-till. Decomposition. PRODUÇÃO DE FITOMASSA E CICLAGEM DE NUTRIENTES POR PLANTAS DE COBERTURA NO CERRADO PIAUIENSERESUMO -A realização e difusão dos trabalhos referentes ao desempenho de plantas de cobertura em sistemas produtivos de culturas anuais no Piauí são importantes na busca por aumento de produtividade, maior eficiência no uso de fertilizantes e mitigação dos impactos ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de plantas de cobertura na produção de fitomassa, acúmulo e liberação de nutrientes, durante o período de safra (novembro à abril), em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico no Cerrado piauiense em sistemas de produção com soja, milho e arroz de sequeiro. O experimento foi instalado nas safras agrícola de 2010/11 e 2011/2012 no município de Bom Jesus, PI. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas estavam os sistemas de manejo do solo (preparo convencional e plantio direto) e nas subparcelas, os sistemas de produção com uso de plantas de cobertura na entressafra intercaladas com culturas anuais. Os sistemas com uso de Urochloa ruziziensis e Pennisetum glaucum semeadas em sobressemeadura na soja e U. ruziziensis consorciado de forma simultânea com milho apresentam-se como melhores opções na produção de fitomassa, acúmulo e liberação de nutrientes. As culturas do arroz e milho apresentam redução significativa na produtividade em áreas sob plantio direto recém-implantadas.Palavras-chave: Braquiária. Milheto. Crotalária. Plantio direto. Decomposição.

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Produção de fitomassa e acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura no cerrado piauiense

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

Decomposition and release of nutrients from crop residues on soybean-maize cropping systems

Biomass and Nutrient Cycling by Cover Crops in Brazilian Cerrado in the State of Piaui

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