“…The traditional forward chains/logistics construct the flows from procurement of new materials through production of new products to sell them. The reverse chains/logistics are composed of the flows from collection of used products through recycling parts from the used products to reuse the recycled parts (Aras et al, 2004;Behret and Korugan, 2009;Ferguson et al, 2009;Fleischman et al, 1997;Guide and Wassenhove, 2001;Inderfurth, 2005;Konstantaras et al, 2010;Mukhopadhyay and Ma, 2009;Nenes et al, 2010;Pokharel and Liang, 2012;Teunter and Flapper, 2011;Wei et al, 2011;Wu, 2012, Watanabe et al, 2013, Watanabe and Kusukawa, 2014. Also, a supply chain which organizes the forward chains and the reverse chains has been called as a closed-supply chain, a reverse supply chain or a green supply chain (Bakal and Akcali, 2006;Barari et al, 2012, Fleischman et al, 1997Guide et al, 2003;Inderfurth, 2005;Kaya, 2010;Lee et al, 2011;Shi et al, 2010Shi et al, , 2011Tagaras and Zikopoulos, 2008;Thierry et al, 1995;Van Wassenhove and Zikopoulos, 2010;Watanabe et al, 2013, Watanabe and Kusukawa, 2014, Wei et al, 2012Yan and Sun, 2012;Tagaras, 2007, 2008).…”