Product Diversification and International Expansion of Business Groups

Escaping the iron cage: Liabilities of origin and CSR reporting of emerging market multinational enterprises

“…Our work can also be viewed as an extension of research on institutional multiplicity and complexity (Greenwood, Raynard, Kodeih, Micelotta, & Lounsbury, 2011;Kraatz & Block, 2008;Marano & Kostova, 2015) as it shows how complex embeddedness in multiple and possibly conflicting institutional environments can motivate firms to adopt behaviors that, while atypical at home, legitimate them in global meta-institutional fields (Kostova et al, 2008). The study also adds to prior work focused on the constraining effects of homecountry institutional voids (Kumar, Gaur & Pattnaik, 2012). Instead, we emphasize the proactive agency of EM-MNEs in using non-market legitimation strategies to "manage around, or substitute for, institutional voids" as they internationalize (Doh, Rodrigues, SakaHelmhout, & Makhija, 2014).…”

Emerging Market MNEs: Qualitative Review and Theoretical Directions

“…Kotabe et al (2000) JWB Latin America Focus on strategic objectives of Latin American companies, partnership structures, and their satisfaction in collaborating with companies from developed countries as well as motive to go global. Kumar et al (2012) MIR India High product diversification has an adverse effect on the international expansion of EM business group, and that international orientation and group resources positively moderate this relationship. Lee and Slater (2007) The role of corporate governance should be analyzed from both principal-agent and principal-principal perspectives.…”

Strategic Asset Seeking by EMNEs: A Matter of Liabilities of Foreignness – or Outsidership?

“…In some emerging markets, business groups constitute a dominant feature of the private sector (Carney, Gedajlovic, Heugens, van Essen, & van Oosterhout, 2011;Kumar, Gaur, & Pattnaik, 2012;Xavier, Bandeira-de-Mello, & Marcon, 2014). In China, business groups have grown from being non-existent three decades ago to a point where the revenues of the largest 500 business groups contribute about two-thirds of the country's industrial output (Yiu, 2010).…”