Product of Two Laguerre–Gaussian Beams

Kotlyar, V. V.; Abramochkin, Eugeny; Kovalev, A. A.; Savelyeva, A. A.

doi:10.3390/photonics9070496

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Reference [11] proposed the concept of photon orbital angular momentum and proved that there is a spatial phase term in Laguerre-Gaussian beams 𝑒 𝑗𝑙𝜑 , corresponding to the OAM, and the corresponding value is lℏ. The light field distribution of a typical Laguerre-Gaussian beam can be expressed as:…”

Section: Theoretical Basis Of Vortex Em Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…References [4][5] proposed and developed concepts such as phase dislocation, phase singularity, and vortex beam, and then conducted further research [6][7][8][9][10], gradually enriching the theory, generation, and related properties of vortex light. Reference [11] found that the vortex laser beam formed by Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams had orbital angular momentum, and clearly determined the relationship between orbital angular momentum and vortex topological charge the relationship between. Since then, several research groups have worked on various optical vortex generation schemes [12][13][14][15][16], optical vortex manipulation of micro-nano particles [17][18][19][20][21], vortex optical micromachining [22], photon orbital angular momentum quantum entanglement properties [23][24][25], optical vortex propagation properties [26][27] etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retracted: Design and Performance Evaluation of OAM-Antennas: A Comparative Review

Saraereh

2023

IEEE Access

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For many communication systems, including wireless networks, mobile, satellite, radar, remote sensing, and many more applications, antenna arrays are very necessary. Utilizing effective beamforming techniques, antenna arrays have recently played a major part in driving data rates and system capacity to extremely high levels. The beamforming capabilities and system performance are both greatly influenced by the array configuration. Numerous array structures, including linear, two-dimensional, circular, conical, cylindrical, spherical, and even non-uniform array shapes, can be used in different applications. Modern communication systems pay a lot of attention to reconfigurable antennas because of the many applications they may serve and the added functionality they provide. A single structure that has the ability to change between one or a number of features, such as frequency, pattern, and polarization, is referred to as a reconfigurable antenna. Utilizing a specific circular phased microstrip antenna array, the orbital angular moment (OAM) vortex electromagnetic wave is created, allowing for more effective and dependable data transmission. When propagating, the vortex electromagnetic wave has a spiral phase wavefront structure, and its many OAM modes are orthogonal to one another. The helical antenna offers the benefits of light weight, small size, and excellent circular polarization when compared to other OAM radio producing techniques. This paper reviews various state-of-the-art antennas for 5G applications. Specifically, the single microstrip, array, traveling wave and metasurface antennas have been discussed and their important aspects were elaborated. Finally, the applications and future prospects were described.

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Section: Theoretical Basis Of Vortex Em Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted: Design and Performance Evaluation of OAM-Antennas: A Comparative Review

Saraereh

2023

IEEE Access

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“…Additionally, by setting the absolute part A2 to be spatially uniform, we see that the generated field MG(2n)=M1n, meaning that in this case the generated field is a positive integer power of the signal field. For the case of spatial transverse modes, such as LG and Hermite–Gaussian beams, these fields can be seen as multiple products of modes, for which there are one-to-one correspondences 15 , 76 , 77 that essentially map the resulting field back to the original message unambiguously. In addition, this nonlinear dependence has been shown to be advantageous in detection processes 25 …”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

Singh,

Sephton,

Tavares Buono

et al. 2024

Adv. Photon.

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Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear optics. Removing undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion, e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

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“…In our works [ 27 , 28 ], we considered double Laguerre–Gaussian (dLG) beams and square LG beams. Both of these types of beams can be expressed via finite sums of LG beams.…”

Section: Square Bessel–gaussian Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This leads to the qualitative difference between the Laguerre–Gaussian and the Bessel–Gaussian beams—the former have a finite number of rings, and the latter have an infinite number of rings. A natural continuation of the works [ 27 , 28 ] is the investigation of whether similar solutions to the Helmholtz equation can be obtained that describe square BG beams or the products of the BG beams.…”

Section: Square Bessel–gaussian Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double and Square Bessel–Gaussian Beams

2023

Self Cite

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We obtain a transform that relates the standard Bessel–Gaussian (BG) beams with BG beams described by the Bessel function of a half-integer order and quadratic radial dependence in the argument. We also study square vortex BG beams, described by the square of the Bessel function, and the products of two vortex BG beams (double-BG beams), described by a product of two different integer-order Bessel functions. To describe the propagation of these beams in free space, we derive expressions as series of products of three Bessel functions. In addition, a vortex-free power-function BG beam of the mth order is obtained, which upon propagation in free space becomes a finite superposition of similar vortex-free power-function BG beams of the orders from 0 to m. Extending the set of finite-energy vortex beams with an orbital angular momentum is useful in searching for stable light beams for probing the turbulent atmosphere and for wireless optical communications. Such beams can be used in micromachines for controlling the movements of particles simultaneously along several light rings.

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Product of Two Laguerre–Gaussian Beams

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Retracted: Design and Performance Evaluation of OAM-Antennas: A Comparative Review

Retracted: Design and Performance Evaluation of OAM-Antennas: A Comparative Review

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

Double and Square Bessel–Gaussian Beams

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