Production and Characterization of Alginate Microcapsules Produced by a Vibrational Encapsulation Device

Mazzitelli, Stefania; Tosi, Azzurra; Balestra, Cosimo; Nastruzzi, Claudio; Luca, Giovanni; Mancuso, Francesca; Calafiore, Riccardo; Calvitti, Mario

doi:10.1177/0885328207084958

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, simple cation-alginate capsules without any diffusion limitation for immuno-active molecules, such as immunoglobulins can prevent allograft rejection [50]. For xenografts, this is different and simple systems are probably not effective.…”

Section: Encapsulation Of Allografts Versus Xenograftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell encapsulation: technical and clinical advances

Orive

Santos

Poncelet

et al. 2015

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences

159

105

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Section: Encapsulation Of Allografts Versus Xenograftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell encapsulation: technical and clinical advances

Orive

Santos

Poncelet

et al. 2015

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences

159

105

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“…NPCCs were isolated according to previously established methods (Mazzitelli et al, 2008). Briefly, the piglets were intramuscularly administered with 0.1 mg/kg azaperon (stresnil, Janssen, Bruxelles, Belgium), 125 mg/kg tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride (zoletil, Virbac, Carros, France), sequentially.…”

Section: Npccs Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional improvement of porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clustersviaconformal encapsulation using an air-driven encapsulator

et al. 2012

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Transplantation of islet cells into diabetic patients is a promising therapy, provided that the islet cells are able to evade host immune rejection. With improved islet viability, this strategy may effectively reverse diabetes. We applied 2% calcium alginate to generate small and large capsules to encapsulate porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) using an air-driven encapsulator. After encapsulation, the viability was assessed at 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days and secretion of functional insulin in response to glucose stimulation were tested at days 14 and 28. Selective permeability of the small alginate capsules was confirmed using various sizes of isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FITC-dextran). Encapsulation of NPCCs was performed without islet protrusion in the small and large capsules. The viability of NPCCs in all experimental groups was greater than 90% at day 1 and then gradually decreased after day 7. The NPCCs encapsulated in large capsules showed significantly lower viability (79.50 ± 2.88%) than that of naïve NPCCs and NPCCs in small capsule (86.83 ± 2.32%, 87.67 ± 2.07%, respectively) at day 7. The viability of naïve NPCCs decreased rapidly at day 14 (75.67 ± 1.75%), whereas the NPCCs encapsulated in small capsules maintained (82.0 ± 2.19%). After 14 and 28 days NPCCs' function in small capsules (2.67 ± 0.09 and 2.13 ± 0.09) was conserved better compared to that of naïve NPCCs (2.04 ± 0.25 and 1.53 ± 0.32, respectively) and NPCCs in large capsules (2.04 ± 0.34 and 1.13 ± 0.10, respectively), as assessed by a stimulation index. The small capsules also demonstrated selective permeability. With this encapsulation technique, small capsules improved the viability and insulin secretion of NPCCs without islet protrusion.

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“…For protection of allogeneic tissue, the prevention of cell–cell contact between donor-islets and immune-cells is considered to be sufficient to prevent rejection (Duvivier-Kali et al, 2001). Simple systems such as cation-alginate capsules (Mazzitelli et al, 2008) can, therefore, be effective in protection for allogeneic responses. However, when the donor-recipient histocompatibility becomes more discordant such as with xenografts other processes come into play (Anderson and Kirk, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and Technical Considerations in Application of Alginate-Based Microencapsulation Systems

Juárez¹,

Spasojević²,

Faas³

et al. 2014

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

154

128

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Islets encapsulated in immunoprotective microcapsules are being proposed as an alternative for insulin therapy for treatment of type 1 diabetes. Many materials for producing microcapsules have been proposed but only alginate does currently qualify as ready for clinical application. However, many different alginate-based capsule systems do exist. A pitfall in the field is that these systems are applied without a targeted strategy with varying degrees of success as a consequence. In the current review, the different properties of alginate-based systems are reviewed in view of future application in humans. The use of allogeneic and xenogeneic islet sources are discussed with acknowledging the different degrees of immune protection the encapsulation system should supply. Also issues such as oxygen supply and the role of danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) in immune activation are being reviewed. A common property of the encapsulation systems is that alginates for medical application should have an extreme high degree of purity and lack pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to avoid activation of the recipient’s immune system. Up to now, non-inflammatory alginates are only produced on a lab-scale and are not yet commercially available. This is a major pitfall on the route to human application. Also the lack of predictive pre-clinical models is a burden. The principle differences between relevant innate and adaptive immune responses in humans and other species are reviewed. Especially, the extreme differences between the immune system of non-human primates and humans are cumbersome as non-human primates may not be predictive of the immune responses in humans, as opposed to the popular belief of regulatory agencies. Current insight is that although the technology is versatile major research efforts are required for identifying the mechanical, immunological, and physico-chemical requirements that alginate-based capsules should meet for successful human application.

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Production and Characterization of Alginate Microcapsules Produced by a Vibrational Encapsulation Device

Cited by 46 publications

References 16 publications

Cell encapsulation: technical and clinical advances

Cell encapsulation: technical and clinical advances

Functional improvement of porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clustersviaconformal encapsulation using an air-driven encapsulator

Immunological and Technical Considerations in Application of Alginate-Based Microencapsulation Systems

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