Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design

Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan

doi:10.17350/hjse19030000241

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Model equations for density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and activation energies are found to be consistent with the experimental results. Low‐error functions, high‐ R 2 values, and low‐significance values ( p‐value ) have increased the reliability of RSM results 44 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Aydoğmuş

DAĞ

Yalçın

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this research, modified castor oil (MCO)‐based biocomposite has been synthesized and its structure is strengthened with waste polyethylene (PE) reinforcement. Both the petrochemical raw material used is reduced by 12 wt% and a new environmentally friendly biocomposite is produced using waste PE. Considering some thermophysical properties of the obtained biocomposite, experimental working conditions, and composition ratios have been optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The chemical bond structure of the biocomposite has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, thermal decomposition behavior by thermogravimetric analysis, and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. According to the results obtained, the density and hardness of the biocomposite synthesized by the addition of MCO to unsaturated polyester (UP) decreases, and its thermal conductivity and thermal stability increase. The thermal decomposition kinetics of the biocomposite is also modeled with the newly improved hyperbolic function equation. The relationship between conversion rate and the temperature has been determined by the new model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9985) and low‐error functions (SST = 0.0096, RMSE = 0.0285, χ2 = 0.0037). Effective and efficient use of MCO, UP, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and cobalt octoate in the production process has provided an economical and steady the biocomposite. Evaluation of experimental data with both RSM and artificial neural networks raises the reliability of the model results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are added to cause a chemical reaction. The product, which has been synthesized by mixing at high speed (1500 rpm) and 120 s, is poured into standard molds and waited for curing time (Ct) for 24 h 49,50 . The experimental design of the biocomposite synthesized according to RSM design is given in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Aydoğmuş

DAĞ

Yalçın

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…After the curing process (24 hours) of the obtained epoxy composite is done, the necessary physical and chemical tests are carried out. The properties of the composite are determined by FTIR, SEM, density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and thermal stability tests [39][40][41]. Table 1 shows the amounts of components used in the epoxy composite production process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite

BURAN¹,

DURĞUN²,

Aydoğmuş³

et al. 2023

FUJECE

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In this study, Ficus elastica leaves have been reinforced into an epoxy composite and some physical and chemical characterization of the obtained composite is made. Ficus elastica leaves are ground between 297 and 149 microns. The biomass (Ficus elastica) prepared as a filler material is kept in sodium hydroxide (% 7 NaOH) solution for 24 hours for alkali activation. It is then washed three times with distilled water and dried in an oven at 75 °C for 3 hours. Composite production is carried out by reinforcing the prepared filler to the epoxy resin in certain proportions by mass. The effect of the biomass filler added at the rate of 0 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7 wt.% on the density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and activation energy of the epoxy composite is determined. According to the results obtained, the density of the epoxy composite decreases as the filler ratio in the mixture increases. Shore D hardness of epoxy composite decreases with the addition of biomass filler. The epoxy composite produced with biomass reinforcement reduces both the thermal conductivity coefficient and the activation energy. Besides, when the chemical bond structure of the obtained polyester composite is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), it is seen that there is a physical interaction. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, 5 wt.% and 7 wt.% reinforcement of Ficus elastica leaves negatively affects the surface morphology of the epoxy composite.

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“…According to the results obtained in this study, optimum composite production was made with 5 wt.% biomass reinforcement. Higher filler reinforcement negatively affected both the mechanical properties and surface morphology of the composite [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. SEM images of pure and biomass reinforced composites are given in Figure 6 and Figure 7.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cornus Alba Reinforced Polyester-Epoxy Hybrid Composite Production and Characterization

BURAN

DURĞUN

Aydoğmuş

2022

EJOSAT

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In this study, ornamental cranberry (Cornus Alba) reinforced hybrid composite is synthesized. The plant leaves have been collected, dried, and ground for composite production. After it is reinforced into unsaturated polyester (UP) at different rates by mass, it is mixed to show a homogeneous distribution. Then, 5 wt.% of the total mixture is added to the epoxy resin and polymerization reactions are started with the help of necessary additives and catalysts. The product obtained is poured into standard molds and after waiting one day for curing, necessary tests are carried out. According to the results obtained, biomass supplementation reduces the density of the hybrid composite. Although the addition of epoxy resin increases the hardness of the composite, the ornamental cranberry supplement reduces Shore D hardness. It is observed that the thermal conductivity coefficient decreases as the ratio of polyester resin in the composite increases. However, both epoxy resin and biomass reinforcement slightly raises the thermal conductivity coefficient. Also, high biomass reinforcement both weakens the mechanical strength of the hybrid composite and negatively affects the surface morphology. In this study, it was determined that the composite obtained by using 88.5 wt.% UP, 3 wt.% Epoxy A, 1.5 wt.% Epoxy B, 5 wt.% biomass, 1.5 wt.% methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), and 0.5 wt.% cobalt octoate (Co Oc) showed optimum properties.

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Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite

Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite

Cornus Alba Reinforced Polyester-Epoxy Hybrid Composite Production and Characterization

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